Canada’s Landform Regions

1. Canada’s Landform Regions

2. Landform Region Map

3. Western Cordillera Description • Rugged/young mountains • 2 major ranges • Fast flowing rivers Rock Type • Sedimentary with some igneous and metamorphic A glacier-fed lake in Jasper National Park in Alberta

4. Western Cordillera Formation • Folding (Rocky Mts) • Volcanic (Coastal Mts) • Lava flows (interior Plateaus) Mountains of the Yukon. Notice the jagged peaks. If you looks carefully, you will also see glaciers.

5. Western Cordillera Human Activities • Forestry • Transportation • Tourism • Fishing

6. Description Flat to rolling plains 3 levels separated by escarpments Deep river valleys Rock Type Sedimentary Interior Plains

7. Interior Plains Formation • Deposition of sediment into ancient seas • Glaciation • Differential erosion to form escarpments Farmland near the Red River in Southern Manitoba

8. Interior Plains Human Activities • Agriculture (wheat) • Oil and gas • Potash mining • Cattle ranching

9. Canadian Shield Description • Oldest rock • Relatively flat with rounded hills • Thousands of lakes • Saucer shaped Rock type • Igneous and Metamorphic A boulder in the Northwest Territories. It was deposited here by a retreating glacier.

10. Canadian Shield Formation • Volcanic mountains (igneous rock) • Erosion leveled mountains • Glaciers scraped soil and made lakes. Notice the scratches in the rock. They were caused by Glaciers retreating.

11. Canadian Shield Human Activities • Mining metallic minerals • Tourism & recreation

12. A wetland known as a muskeg in Northern Manitoba Description Flat, low and swampy. Rock Type Sedimentary Hudson Bay Lowlands

13. Hudson Bay Lowlands Formation • Sediment deposited under glacial melt water Human Activities • None

14. Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Lowlands Description • Flat plains to rolling hills • Great Lakes • St Lawrence = rift valley Rock Type • Sedimentary (some igneous in St. Lawrence region)

15. Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Lowlands Formation • Sediment deposited into shallow ancient seas • Glaciation • St Lawrence Rifting Valley A typical farm in Ontario

16. Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Lowlands Human Activities • Agriculture = Farming • Tourism • Manufacturing • Urbanization

17. Appalachian Mountains Description • Oldest highland • Rolling mountains and hills • Wide glacial valleys • Long deep coastal inlets Rock Type • Sedimentary with some igneous and metamorphic

18. Appalachian Mountains Formation • Collision of plates = Folding • Some volcanic activity • Eroded rounded mountains Human Activities • Fishing • Agriculture

19. Arctic Lowlands Description • Islands, gently rolling hills Rock Type • Sedimentary Tundra in Nunavut. Notice the flat land and strewn rocks.

20. Arctic Lowlands Formation • Sedimentary rock scraped bare by glaciers (deposition) Human Activities • Oil and Natural Gas exploration and drilling

21. Innuitian Mountains Description • Rugged, ice covered mountains Rock Type • Sedimentary with some igneous and metamorphic The dramatic cliffs of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut.

22. Innuitian Mountains Formation • Collision of plates = folding • Some Volcanic activity Human Activities • Oil and Natural Gas