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Photovoltaic Batteries

Photovoltaic Batteries. Battery Components Configuration Manufacturers. Storage Batteries. In a photovoltaic system batteries store and deliver energy. In this system batteries are most affected by the size and usage of the energy load. Charge Controller.

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Photovoltaic Batteries

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  1. Photovoltaic Batteries Battery Components Configuration Manufacturers

  2. Storage Batteries • In a photovoltaic system batteries store and deliver energy. • In this system batteries are most affected by the size and usage of the energy load.

  3. Charge Controller • Batteries can easily be drained and damaged without regulation of energy loads. • Systems must be sized to match within load range (“voltage set point window”). • e.g. Battery with 14 volts charged,11 when fully discharged. If load will not operate below 12 volts. • Voltage window does not match that of the load.

  4. Amp-hour capacity • Amp-hours: number amps of current can discharge x number of hrs it can deliver that current. • This attribute is very important to designers to determine length of operation without sunlight. • e.g. 200 amp-hr battery should be able to deliver 200 amps for 1 hr, 50 amps for 4 hrs, 4 amps for 50 hrs, or 1 amp for 200hrs.

  5. Depth of discharge • This describes how much of total amp-hr capacity of the battery is used during a charge and recharge cycle. • Most “shallow cycle” batteries discharge from 10% to 25% of their capacity. • Most photovoltaic batteries discharge up to 80% w/o damage.

  6. Vented Lead Acid • Lead & Sulfuric Acid combination. • Vents allow hydrogen & oxygen to escape. • The battery of choice for most solar and backup power systems. • Discharges up to 80%.

  7. Details • Larger Plates, or more of them will increase amp hrs. • Thicker plates will prolong life of batt.

  8. AGM or Gel Lead Acid Batteries • Never need watering. • Cannot freeze or spill. • Does require very accurate regulation to prevent overcharge and over discharge.

  9. Nicad (Nickel Cadmium) • Pros • Low self-discharge. • Can totally discharge w/no damage. • No freezing. • Low Maintenance. • Cons • Expensive to buy. • Expensive to dispose of.(Cadmium is very Hazardous)

  10. Future Battery Prospects • Redox Battery- short for reduction-oxidation, which is a cycle of chemical reactions. • The lithium-metal sulfide battery operates at a temp. of almost 850F. Requires a special container to maintain that temperature. • A polymer battery is being developed,uses no liquid or dangerous materials, can be molded into any shape.

  11. Batteries in Series & Parallel • Like photovoltaic cells, batteries connected in series increase voltage. • Connected in parallel to increase amp-hour capacity of the battery system. • Both series and parallel can be combined.

  12. Manufactures • http://www.dcbattery.com/solar.html • Get quote. • Great opportunity to compare manufacture quality and price.

  13. Parallel Series Series & Parallel

  14. Questions

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