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T ransient NS X -ray binaries with S imbol- X. Sergio Campana Osservatorio astronomico di Brera campana@merate.mi.astro.it. Bologna, May 2007. Outline. A brief history: what we discovered and what we know now, focusing of hard X-ray emission The future: Simbol-X.
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Transient NSX-ray binaries with Simbol-X Sergio Campana Osservatorio astronomico di Brera campana@merate.mi.astro.it Bologna, May 2007
Outline • A brief history: what we discovered and what we know now, focusing of hard X-ray emission • The future: Simbol-X RXTE/ASM light curve
State transitions: SIGMA Barret & Vedrenne 1994 Limiting luminosity for all LMXRBs (NS+BH) at 4x1036 erg/s Maccarone 2003
Hard tails: INTEGRAL Paizis et al. 2006 4U 1820-30 Campana et al. 1998 Tarana et al. 2007
State transitions: jets BH XRB Belloni 2007 NS XRB Homan et al. 2007
Very hard tails: PDS/XTE Occasional detection of very hard tails (BMC) GX 17+2 Di Salvo et al. 2000 Farinelli et al. 2007 Campana et al. 1998
From outburst to quiescence Campana et al. 1998 FAST ! e-folding time changing from ~20 d to ~1 d at transition BeppoSAX data
NStransients in quiescence ExN(E) ExN(E) • Canonical spectrum: • Soft component (NS atmosphere, kT~0.1-0.3 keV; ≥50% of the flux) • Hard component (Power law, photon index ~1-2; ≤50% of the flux) Lx=1032-1033 erg/s
NStransients in quiescence: variability Aql X-1 Campana et al. 2003 Rutledge et al. 2001 Campana &Stella 2004
Transient X-ray pulsars SAX J1808.4-3658 mcrab Wijnands 2005 Campana et al. 2007
SAX J1808.4-3658 in quiescence NS atmosphere model can account less than 10% of the total flux and it is not required by the fit Campana et al. 2002 XMM-Newton data Heinke et al. 2007
Simbol-X strenghts (for XRBs) • Broad-band capabilities (0.5-80 keV) • Large effective area at low and high energies • Good timing capabilities • Focusing instrument and thus low background (e.g. wrt RXTE)
Simbol-X: atoll spectrum Fx=10-9 erg/s/cm2 Lx=4x1036 erg/s @ 5 kpc 3σ Monitoring of parameters variations: study the physics 100 ks kTC
Simbol-X: very hard tails CONT: Fx=2x10-9 erg/s/cm2 TAIL: Fx=6x10-12 erg/s/cm2 Tail/Cont(0.5-20)= 0.1% kTc=5 keV 40 ks Tau=3
NS transient in quiescence 100 ks Diagnostic of the power law tail and of its variability
SAXJ1808.4-3658 in quiescence 100 ks XMM
Summary • Simbol-X is the first observatory able to disclose the high energy part of the spectrum at very high S/N and for persistent and transient sources, making possible a thorough study of the emission mechanisms through monitoring the variability • Different mechanisms for explaining the transition to and the quiescent emission of NS XRTs approach the problem from the point of view of physics