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Luther and Calvin Summary. Unit 6. Luther main beliefs. Justification by faith alone (not faith and good works and ceremonies) Bible in the Vernacular
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Luther and Calvin Summary Unit 6
Luther main beliefs • Justification by faith alone (not faith and good works and ceremonies) • Bible in the Vernacular • He only believed in 2 sacraments (baptism and Eucharist (The Babylonian Captivity of the Church) and that lay authority more important than the Church • He also attacked Papal infallibility and stressed the “priesthood of all believers” lowering the importance of the clergy
Indulgences • John Tetzel was selling the special “Jubilee indulgence • Leads Luther to post 95 thesis • Reactions • Lucky: as charges were being prepared against Luther the HRE (Maximilian I) died in January of 1519. Attention turned away from Luther’s “heresy” while they chose a new Emperor • Elected Charles I King of Spain who became Charles V HRE (why?)
John Calvin main ideas • Predestination (The elect should live in a manifestly pleasing way) • Bible # 1 authority (life governed by faith) • In France Calvinists were referred to as Huegonots • Everyoneshould try to re-order society according to God’s plan • He ran Geneva Switzerland as a theocracy (refuge for protestants) • His book Institutes of the Christian Religion