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Manhattan Project . Nuclear Bombs. Conception. America feared an invasion of Japan would cost too many lives Research and Development program for Atomic Bomb -named after Manhattan, New York Began in 1939 Albert Einstein -fled Nazi Germany to the U.S.
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Manhattan Project Nuclear Bombs
Conception • America feared an invasion of Japan would cost too many lives • Research and Development program for Atomic Bomb • -named after Manhattan, New York • Began in 1939 • Albert Einstein • -fled Nazi Germany to the U.S. • -wrote a letter to FDR urging him to explore nuclear weaponry in 1939 • Research team led by Robert J. Oppenheimer
Atomic Bomb • Made of plutonium and uranium • Nuclear fission • Plutonium -239 main ingredient • Test explosion in New Mexico
Hiroshima • August 6th, 1945 • “Enola Gay” B-29 Bomber • Bomb named “Little Boy”
Destruction • Explosion equivalent to 15,000 tons of TNT • Destroyed every building within a mile radius of ground zero • Massive firestorm • 75,000 people instantly killed • 100,000 total by the end of 1945 • Radiation effects
Nagasaki • No response from Japan after 1st bomb • August 9th, 1945 • “Fat Man” bomb dropped • 40,000 instantly killed
Japan Surrenders • Japan officially surrenders on August 14th, 1945 • -Victory over Japan Day • September 2nd, 1945 • -Japan leaders meet with General Douglas MacArthur aboard the U.S.S. Missouri to sign surrender