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Tornado Case Study: Tornado Alley Group members : Jenny Ip 12 6A Ivy Lam 15 6A Amy Lam 19 6A

What is Tornado?. violently rotating column of air- must be in contact with the ground and the cloud base - visible as a funnel cloud . Types of Tornado. 1. Multiple vortex 2. Waterspout 3. Landspout

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Tornado Case Study: Tornado Alley Group members : Jenny Ip 12 6A Ivy Lam 15 6A Amy Lam 19 6A

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    1. Tornado Case Study: Tornado Alley Group members : Jenny Ip (12) 6A Ivy Lam (15) 6A Amy Lam (19) 6A

    2. What is Tornado? violently rotating column of air - must be in contact with the ground and the cloud base - visible as a funnel cloud

    3. Types of Tornado 1. Multiple vortex 2. Waterspout 3. Landspout

    4. Where is Tornado Alley central US the areas in between the Rocky Mountains and Appalachian Mountains areas that have greater numbers of tornadoes E.g. Texas (Texas Norther), Florida , Kansas and Oklahoma

    5. Why there is frequent tornado in Tornado Alley? unique geography of the continent cold, dry air from Canada and the Rocky Mountains meets warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico and hot, dry air from the Sonoran Desert, This unique topography allows for frequent collisions of warm and cold air along the front which causes atmospheric instability, heavy precipitation, and many intense thunderstorms tornado is formed when the cumulonimbus is formed, warm air rises , the colder air sinks to replace the rising air, air starts to spin ,and the spinning air tends to form tornado tornadoes usually spin clockwise in the northern hemisphere http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es2006/es2006page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

    7. Characteristic mostly occurred in Spring and Autumn fast wind speed, thunderstorm, lightening, cumulonimbus ,hails, heavy rain ? pressure & temperature rotate cyclonically in direction (clockwise in Northern Hemisphere)

    8. Case study - The Tri-State Tornado Occurred in Spring ( March ) Recognized as an F5 tornado on the Fujita scale Crossed three states (Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana )

    9. Formation Cold,dry air (from Canada and the Rocky Mountains ) meets warm , moist air (from Gulf of Mexico ) and hot, dry air ( from the Sonoran Desert ) ?atmospheric instability ?heavy precipitation ?many intense thunderstorms ?accompanied by extreme downburst winds( rain-cooled air hit the ground-level and spread out in all direction producing strong winds )

    10. It holds record for… Longest path length(219miles,352km) Longest duration( about 3.5 hours ) Fastest forward speed (117km/h) The deadliest single tornado in United States history

    11. General Impacts brought by Tornadoes Loss of life Breakdown of communication links Destroy crops, houses and vegetation Causes crop failure Lowers visibility Damage and casualties at gas station, homes, and store occurred

    12. Impacts At least 695 died and 2027 were injured gas station, homes, and stores were damaged Farms and houses were swept away along the tornado path

    13. Precaution and preventative measures Purposes: to enable people increase the chances of surviving a tornado and to increase levels of alert of a possible tornado Authorities such as the Storm Prediction Center advise having a pre-determined plan should a tornado warning be issued. tornado forecasts People are advised to stay or evacuate to underground area or base room until the tornado is gone.

    14. The End

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