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Dietrich Baade (ESO) Peter Hoeflich (FSU) Ferdinando Patat (ESO) Lifan Wang (LBNL)

The Best SN of 2005?. Dietrich Baade (ESO) Peter Hoeflich (FSU) Ferdinando Patat (ESO) Lifan Wang (LBNL) J. Craig Wheeler (Austin). SN 1006 at Discovery – Historical Image from Song Dynasty. SN 2005df. UV – Swift Optical photometry and spectropolarimetry Mid-IR

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Dietrich Baade (ESO) Peter Hoeflich (FSU) Ferdinando Patat (ESO) Lifan Wang (LBNL)

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  1. The Best SN of 2005? Dietrich Baade (ESO) Peter Hoeflich (FSU) FerdinandoPatat (ESO) Lifan Wang (LBNL) J. Craig Wheeler (Austin)

  2. SN 1006 at Discovery – Historical Image from Song Dynasty

  3. SN 2005df • UV – Swift • Optical photometry and spectropolarimetry • Mid-IR • Structure of the ejecta

  4. Optical Light Curves

  5. +09 +08 Fine structures are found +05 +04 Polarization is strong At blue shifted absorption features +00 -03 -07 -08 -09 -12 Si II line at V~25000 km/sec

  6. OI CaII

  7. Si II - Photospheric

  8. Si II – High V

  9. O I

  10. Ca Ca II

  11. Example 3: SN 2004dt HVS NVC A high velocity SN Distorted envelope

  12. SN 2004dt - IME only Rel. Flux Wavelength Wang et al. 2004

  13. Peak blueshifted by 4000 km/sec Line/Polarization Profiles

  14. SN 2006X HVS HVS NVC NVC Ca II

  15. O I of SN 2006X O I NOT poplarized

  16. Example 2: SN 2001el Day -4 Day 19 Detached Ca Shell/Clump/Ring

  17. SN 2001el Si II Ca II Day -4 Day 19 Day -4 Day 19 -2X104 0 2X104 Velocity(km/sec) -2X104 0 -2X104 0 Velocity(km/sec)Velocity(km/sec) -2X104 0 2X104 Velocity(km/sec)

  18. V4 V2 V3 V1 Q-U diagram for axially symmetric geometry U Principle axis Q Q = (I0-I90)/(I0+I90) U = (I45-I135)/(I45+I135) Theorem: For axially symmetric geometry, the Q-U vectors form a straight line on the Q-U Diagram

  19. Pf=N1/2p0fi Brownian Motion f - total area covering factor of clumps (≤1) fi - area covering factor by a typical clump (~f/N) N - total number of clumps (=f/fi) pifi -polarized flux due to individual clump (~3fi%) P ≈ f N~1/23%/(1-f) ~ 0.5%, N ~ 36 for f ~ 0.5, fi~f/N=0.014 dc- diameter of a typical clump ~ 2,400 km/sec ∑pifi fiN1/2 fN-1/2 P = ———— ~ ——p0 = —— p0 1-∑fi 1-f 1-f

  20. 1) When N is sufficiently large P will be a stable vector that does not show big, random fluctuations with time. 2) In the case of a small number of large clumps, P is again a stable quantity as such clumps will shield the photosphere at all epochs Brownian Motion Pf=N1/2p0fi These vectors/clumps moved outside the surface of the photosphere at a later epoch.

  21. v3 v4 v2 v1 U U U U Q Q Q Q Polarization position angles: A corkscrew in the ejecta?

  22. Polarization position angles: corkscrews in the ejecta? Absorbing clumps at different velocity U Loops/arcs on Q-U diagram Q Q

  23. Each velocity layer intercepts ~16 clumps if the volume in front of the photosphere is packed with clumps of diameter of 5,000 km/sec Peak blueshifted by 4000 km/sec The volume in front of the photosphere is big enough to hold about 48 clumps of diameter ~5,000 km/sec The radial extension of typical clumps has to be ~ 5,000 km/sec to explain the observed polarization profile. In velocity space, the radial elongation of the clumps determines the correlation of the observed polarization at different velocities. 10,000 km/sec 15,000 km/sec 20,000 km/sec

  24. Si II 6355 Si II 3859 Mg II 4481 O I 7773

  25. SN 2001el Si II Ca II Day -4 Day 19 Day -4 Day 19 -2X104 0 2X104 Velocity(km/sec) -2X104 0 -2X104 0 Velocity(km/sec)Velocity(km/sec) -2X104 0 2X104 Velocity(km/sec)

  26. SN 2005df 08/06/2005 08/08/2005 08/09/2005 08/10/2005 08/14/2005 08/17/2005 08/21/2005 08/22/2005 08/25/2005 08/26/2005

  27. Chemical Structure

  28. Correlation

  29. Correlation

  30. Summary • High velocity component is always asymmetric • The normal velocity component is symmetric, • to a level below 5% • 3. The chemical burning is different for HV and NV events • The HV probably burned C to oxygen • The NV did not burn C at the outer layer • (this is why C is found only in some NV) • 4. The core is likely asymmetric

  31. Mid-IR

  32. Mid-IR

  33. Mid-IR – Day 135

  34. SN 2003hv – Day 375

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