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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). WSN - Basic Concept. WSN is a wireless network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, pressure, motion or sound at different locations.
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WSN - Basic Concept • WSN is a wireless network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, pressure, motion or sound at different locations. • Each node in a sensor network is typically equipped with a RF transceiver, battery powered.
WSN - Characteristics • Limited power they can harvest or store • Ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions • Ability to cope with node failures • Mobility of nodes • Dynamic network topology • Large scale of deployment • Unattended operation • Node capacity is scalable,only limited by bandwidth of gateway node.
WSN -Radio Options for the Physical Layer in Wireless Sensor Networks • IEEE802.11x • Bluetooth (IEEE802.15.1 and .2) • IEEE 802.15.4 • IEEE1451.5
WSN - Category • C1WSN - Tend to deal with large-scale with massive data flows. • C2WSN - Tend to focus on short-range point-to-point, source-to-sink applications where low data rate, ultra low power and low cost are requirements.
WSN - Category Category 2 WSNs: point-to-point, generally-singlehop systems utilizing static routing
Application - Home Control • Sensing applications facilitate flexible management of lighting, heating, and • Sensing applications automate control of multiple home systems to improve • Sensing applications capture highly detailed electric, water, and gas utility usage data.
Application - Industrial Automation • Sensing applications extend existing manufacturing and process control systems reliably. • Sensing applications help identify inefficient operation or poorly performing equipment. • Sensing applications help deploy monitoring networks to enhance employee and public safety.
Application - Others • Medical Application • Sensors and Robots • Military Surveillance • Habitat Monitoring
WSN - Research Challenges • Power Consumption • Exploit piezoelectric materials to harvestambient strain energy • Hardware Constraints • Node Unit Costs