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PAST PERFECT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS

PAST PERFECT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE. We use the past perfect simple: when we are already talking about the past and want to make it clear that we are referring back to an even earlier time:

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PAST PERFECT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS

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  1. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS

  2. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE We use the past perfect simple: • when we are already talking about the past and want to make it clear that we are referring back to an even earlier time: • Yesterday afternoon I was bored. I'd been to town, I'd done the shopping and I'd finished all my homework so I decided to paint my room..

  3. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE • in some sentences with time expressions (when, after, by the time, as soon as) when one event happened before the other: • By the time Richard's mother got home, he'd finished painting the room.. • I'd painted one wall when I ran out of paint

  4. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE • with the adverbs JUST, ALREADY, EVERand NEVER. They go between the auxiliary and the main verb: • He'd just finished painting when his mother came in. • When she got home he'd already finished painting the room. • Until last weekend he'd never painted a room..

  5. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE • We don't use the past perfect: • if one action happens at the same time as another: • When Richard 's mother saw the room, she was horrified . (Not, When Richard’s mother had seen ...) • if one action comes immediately after the other and is connected to it: • When Jill heard the baby crying, she ran to pick him up. (not When Jill had heard …

  6. PAST PERFECT SIMPLE • Notice the difference in meaning between these two sentences: • When Richard’s mother came into the room, he stopped painting. (= she came in, then he stopped) • When Richard's mother came into the room, he'd stopped painting. (= he stopped, then she came in)

  7. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS We use the past perfect continuous: • to focus on the earlier activity itself or on how long it continued: • He had a headache because he'd beenplaying computer games for hours. • when we talk about how long something happened up to a point in the past: • How long had you been driving when the car broke down? • By the time she arrived I had been waiting for two hours.

  8. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS We use the past perfect simple: • when we do not need to emphasize the activity or the period of time: • He'd played all of the computer games and wanted to do something different. • when we talk about how many or how often up to a point in the past: • I'd driven six kilometers when the car broke down. • By the time I was 18 I'd visited Australia six times.

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