“Sonnet 60” William Shakespeare

1. “Sonnet 60”William Shakespeare SAMPLE STUDENT

2. Shakespeare’s Life • April 23, 1564 - April 23, 1616 • Learned Latin and a little Greek and read the Roman dramatists as a child • 1585 - went to London to begin his apprenticeship as an actor • 1594 - joined the Lord Chamberlain’s company of actors; performed at the Globe • Known for 154 sonnets and at least 30 plays

3. Shakespeare’s Writing Style • Used a metrical pattern consisting of lines of unrhymed iambic pentameter (blank verse); plays use this pattern • Sonnets are written in iambic pentameter • Styles were typical of the day; other writings of the time influenced how he structured his compositions

4. Simple Summary • Is a meditation (focus) on mortality (death) • Everything that is mortal must perish • for our minutes, and the minutes of our remembrance, move ever forward as irrevocably as the waves move forward, beating ceaselessly on the shore • Uses concrete images to convey how time passes • In the final line – suggests one (his beloved) might be preserved from the total oblivion of time's destruction

5. “Sonnet 60” Like as the waves make towards the pebbled shore, So do our minutes hasten to their end, Each changing place with that which goes before, In sequent toil all forwards do contend. Nativity, once in the main of light, Crawls to maturity, wherewith being crowned, Crooked eclipses 'gainst his glory fight, And time that gave doth now his gift confound. Time doth transfix the flourish set on youth And delves the parallels in beauty’s brow; Feeds on the rarities of nature’s truth, And nothing stands but for his scythe to mow.   And yet to times in hope my verse shall stand,   Praising thy worth, despite his cruel hand. Hasten: Sequent: Toil: Contend: Nativity: Crooked eclipses: Confound: Transfix: Delves: Rarities: Scythe: Mow:

6. Poem Analysis - Title • Technically doesn't have a title • Know it by its numbered position in a series of sonnets • Seems to be placed deliberately at this point, as number 60, to coincide with the 60 minutes of the hour

7. Poem Analysis - Paraphrase As the waves move toward the pebbled shore, so do the minutes we have to live hasten toward their end, each moment changing place with the one before, striving to move forward with successive efforts. Everything that has been born, though it once swam in that broad ocean of light that exists before birth, crawls its way up the shores of maturity, where it faces cruel obstacles to its glory. Time, which gives everything, now destroys its own gift. Time pierces the beauty of youth, drawing wrinkles in beauty’s forehead. Time devours the choicest specimens of nature; nothing exists that it won’t mow down with its scythe. And yet my verses will last into the future, praising your worth despite Time’s cruel hand.

8. Poem Analysis - Connotation • Each of the poem's three quatrains centers on a different set of imagery; each set of imagery illustrates a different aspect of the poem's main theme: the passage of time • First quatrain – the sea is the image • Lines 1-2: a simile that compares time to the ocean • Line 4: personification – waves are described with human characteristics ---“toil" and "contend"

9. Poem Analysis - Attitude • Neutral attitude • Sees both the good and bad side of time, accepting it • Praising times unfeeling hand in which it strikes down living things

10. Poem Analysis – Shifts and Themes

11. Questions

12. Works Cited “Shakespeare’s Sonnet 60.” Poets.org. Academy of American Poets, n.d. Web. 23 Sept. 2014. "Shakespeare's Writing Style and Metrical Pattern." Shakespeare's Writing Style and Metrical Pattern. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Sept. 2014.