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1. México ¿Cuántos estados hay en México?

2. Pues, cuento 31 & la cápital

3. México Mexico has 31 states and one Federal District, Mexico City, where the seat of the Federal Government and approximately one fifth of the population can be found. Mexico is considered a Federal Republic, with each state from Baja in the North to Oaxaca in the South having a separate state government answerable to the national government. Mexico covers a wide variety of terrain, from desert like plains to mountainous rain forest, and the varied states encompass a wide range of ethnic and social groups

4. México The states of Mexico are divided into municipalities, which are governed by mayors. Mexican states also have legislatures, constitutions, and governors, and function in some sense as independent entities able to enact and enforce their own laws. This model of government is familiar to American citizens, who are acquainted with a system of decentralized states as well as a Federal seat of government.

5. México Mexico has several major active political parties, including the Institutional Revolutionary Party, National Action Party, Party of the Democratic Revolution, Green Ecological Party, and Labor Party. The Institutional Revolutionary Party controlled Mexico for 71 years until 2000, when Vicente Fox of the National Action Party was elected President for a non-renewable term of six years.

6. México In the late part of the 20th century, Mexico underwent many governmental reforms, including a restriction of the powers of the President, which had traditionally been the most powerful branch of government. Mexico has also instituted laws and procedures to fight corruption at all levels of the government, as well as to promote a healthy and sustainable economy. Most of the laws have been put in place at the Federal level, governing all the states, while some Mexican states have enacted more radical legislature aimed at putting a stop to corruption in government and economic exploitation by the West.

7. México Covering almost 2 million square kilometers,[5] Mexico is the fifth-largest country in the Americas by total area and the 14th largest in the world. With an estimated population of 109 million,[6] it is the 11th most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country in the world.

8. México After winning independence from Spain, it was decided that the new country would be named after its capital city, whose original name of foundation was México-Tenochtitlan, in reference to the Mexica tribe, the main group of people of what came to be known as the Aztec civilization. The origin of the name of the Mexica is obscure and subject to diverse interpretations. Some[10] argue that it derives from the NahuatlMexitl or Mexitli, a secret name for the god of war and patron of the Aztecs, Huitzilopochtli, in which case Mexico means "Place where Mexitli lives".

9. México Another hypothesis is that the word Mexiko derives from the metztli ("moon"), xictli ("navel", "center" or "son"), and the suffix -co (place), in which case it means "Place at the center of the moon" or "Place at the center of the Lake Moon", in reference to Lake Texcoco. The system of interconnected lakes, of which Texcoco was at the center, had the form of a rabbit, the same image that the Aztecs saw in the moon. Tenochtitlan was located at the center (or navel) of the lake (or rabbit/moon).[11] Still another hypothesis suggests that it is derived from Mectli, the goddess of maguey.[11]

10. México "Hot waters". When the city was first founded in 1575, it was given this name for the abundance of hot springs in the region, which still are exploited for numerous spas and for domestic use. The state is located about 300 miles (483 km) from Mexico City. It covers 5,471 square kilometers (2,112.4 sq mi) and has a little more than one million inhabitants. The state is not heavily populated. However, most of its inhabitants live in the densely populated metropolitan area of its capital city.The state as it is now was created on October 27, 1875 when it was separated from Zacatecas. It bears the name Aguascalientes taken from its largest city and capital also called Aguascalientes. Aguascalientes

11. México "Lower California". The Spanish colony of California was divided into two—upper and lower—in 1804. The Mexican territory of Upper California, or Alta CaliforniaBaja California is the northernmost state of Mexico. Before becoming a state in 1953, the area was known as the North Territory of Baja California. It has an area of 71,576 km² (27,636 sq mi), or 3.57% of the land mass of Mexico and comprises the northern half of the Baja California peninsula, north of the 28th parallel. The state is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean, on the east by Sonora, the U.S. State of Arizona, and the Gulf of California (also known as the Sea of Cortez), and on the south by Baja California Sur. Its northern limit is the U.S. state of California. Baja California

12. México "Southern Baja California". Baja California Sur is one of the 31 states of Mexico. Before becoming a state in 1974, the area was known as the South Territory of Baja California. It has an area of 73,475 km² (28,369 sq mi), or 3.57% of the land mass of Mexico and comprises the southern half of the Baja California peninsula, south of the 28th parallel. It is bordered to the north by the state of Baja California, to the west by the Pacific Ocean, and to the east by the Gulf of California, also known as the "Sea of Cortés". Baja California Sur

13. México The state takes its name from the city of Campeche, which was founded in 1540 by SpanishConquistadores as San Francisco de Campeche atop the preexisting Maya city of Canpech or Kimpech. The State of Campeche is a state in the south-east region of the Mexican Republic. It is bordered by the Mexican states of Yucatán to the north east, Quintana Roo to the east, and Tabasco to the south west. To the south it is bordered by the Petén department of Guatemala and to the west by the Gulf of Mexico. The area of Campeche is 56,798 square kilometers (21,929.8 sq mi), and the population was only 754,730 inhabitants at the 2005 census. This makes Campeche one of the states with the lowest population densities in Mexico (fifth behind Baja California Sur, Durango, Sonora, and Chihuahua). Campeche

14. México The state takes its name from its capital city, Chihuahua. This name is thought to derive from the NahuatlXicuahua, or "dry, sandy place". Chihuahua is a state in northern Mexico with a mainland area of 244,938 square kilometers (94,571.1 sq mi), slightly bigger than the United Kingdom. It is surrounded by the Mexican states of Sonora, Sinaloa, Durango and Coahuila and the U.S. states of Texas and New Mexico. Chihuahua is the largest state in Mexico by area, and therefore has the nickname, "El Estado Grande." Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with its namesake, the Chihuahuan Desert, it has more forests than any other Mexican state. On the slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains (around the regions of Casas Grandes, Cuauhtémoc and Parral), there are vast prairies of short yellow grass, the source of the bulk of the state's agricultural production. Chihuahua

15. México Chiapas is the southernmost state of Mexico, located towards the southeast of the country. Chiapas is bordered by the states of Tabasco to the north, Veracruz to the northwest, and Oaxaca to the west. To the east Chiapas borders Guatemala, and to the south the Pacific Ocean. In general Chiapas has a humid, tropical climate. In the north, in the area bordering Tabasco, near Teapa, rainfall can average more than 3,000 mm (120 in) per year . In the past, natural vegetation at this region was lowland, tall perennial rainforest, but this vegetation has been destroyed almost completely to give way to agriculture and ranching. Rainfall decreases moving towards the Pacific Ocean, but it is still abundant enough to allow the farming of bananas and many other tropical crops near Tapachula. Chiapas

16. México Coahuila Coahuila (formal name: Coahuila de Zaragoza) is one of Mexico's 31 component states. It is located in the north of the country. Coahuila's population is comprised mainly of people of European ancestry, making up 74 per cent of the population. The second-largest ethnic group is the Mestizo (European-Amerindian) who are 20 per cent of the population, and the smallest ethnic group is the Amerindian, comprising 1 per cent of Coahuila's population. The rest of the population is composed of American, Canadian, and Japanese communities. The capital of Coahuila and its largest city is Saltillo.

17. México Colima Colima is a state in western Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and main city, Colima. Colima is a small state, sharing a border with the Mexican states of Jalisco to the north and east, and Michoacán to the south. To the west Colima borders the Pacific Ocean. In addition to the capital city of Colima, the state's main cities include Manzanillo and Tecomán.

18. México The state is named after its capital city, Durango, which was named after the city of Durango, Biscay in the Basque Country, northern Spain. During colonial times it was part of the Spanish realm of Nueva Vizcaya, "New Biscay", a province of New Spain. The city of Durango is the state's capital. Most of the state is heavily mountainous and a good part forested, the Sierra Madre Occidental occupies the western and central part of the state. This mountain range contains a good supply of minerals, including the silver that encouraged Spanish occupation of the territory after it was discovered. These mines extend north into Chihuahua and south into the state of Zacatecas. Vast desert basins in the Laguna District are irrigated by the Nazas River. Major crops grown in the area include cotton, wheat, corn, alfalfa, beans, sorghum and other vegetables. Durango is famous for its scorpions. Durango

19. México Guanajuato is a state in the central highlands of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital city, Guanajuato. Guanajuato means "place of frogs" in the local indigenous language. The local Tarascan Indians believed that the frog represented the god of wisdom. A rock formation outside of Guanajuato, looks like frogs. "Las Ranas" is the way to reference anyone from this state as frogs are their state animal. Guanajuato is the home state of former Mexican president Vicente Fox Quesada, and famous Mexican artist Diego Rivera and singer-song writer Jose Alfredo Jimenez. After central Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico coast, Guanajuato was one of the first areas of Mexico colonized by the Spanish, in the 1520s, for its rich silver deposits. Guanajuato's colonial architecture is very well preserved along with over 35 old churches in its capital alone, and is very European in nature. Guanajuato

20. México Froghill".[verification needed] The state is named after its capital city, Guanajuato. Guanajuato is a state in the central highlands of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital city, Guanajuato. Guanajuato means "place of frogs" in the local indigenous language. The local Tarascan Indians believed that the frog represented the god of wisdom. A rock formation outside of Guanajuato, looks like frogs. "Las Ranas" is the way to reference anyone from this state as frogs are their state animal. Guanajuato is the home state of former Mexican president Vicente Fox Quesada, and famous Mexican artist Diego Rivera and writer Jose Alfredo Jimenez Guanajuato

21. México "Warrior". Named after Vicente Guerrero, a hero of the Mexican War of Independence and an early president of Mexico. The surname Guerrero, meaning "warrior" in Spanish, is derived from guerra "war", a Germanicloanword related to the English word war. The state capital is Chilpancingo de los Bravo. Besides Chilpancingo, its principal cities are Acapulco, Petatlan, Taxco, Iguala, and Zihuatanejo. Guerrero is an important tourist destination. There are three main areas of tourism, known as the Triángulo del Sol (triangle of the sun). The first is Acapulco. The second is Taxco, a colonial town noted for its silverware. The third is Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo. Ixtapa is a destination created by the federal government during the slow economy of the 1980s to increase tourism. Guerrero

22. México Hidalgo Named after Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, considered the initiator of the Mexican War of Independence in 1810. Hidalgo (pronounced [iˈðalɣo]) is a state in central Mexico, bordered on the north by San Luis Potosí, on the east by Veracruz and Puebla, on the south by Tlaxcala and Mexico State, on the northwest by Querétaro. In 2005 census the state had a population of some 2,345,514 people. The state is named after Mexican independence leader Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla. with an area of 20,502 square kilometers (7,915.9 sq mi). The state capital is Pachuca. Also in the state of Hidalgo is the town and ancient Toltec ruins of Tula.

23. México Jalisco "Place with sand on the ground" Jalisco is a state of Mexico. The capital of Jalisco is the city of Guadalajara. In the 2005 census, Jalisco had a population of 6,752,113 people. Jalisco is known for being the birthplace of mariachi music and tequila. The state's name, meaning "sandy plain," derives from the Nahuatl words xalli (meaning "sand" or "gravel") and ixtli (meaning "face," or, by extension, "plain").

24. México México The state is named after Mexico City, itself named after the Aztec capital Mexico Tenochtitlan. Mexico State or State of Mexico (often abbreviated to "Edomex," from Estado de México in Spanish) is a state in the center of the nation of Mexico. The state's capital is the city of Toluca. The Pre-Columbian ruins of the city of Teotihuacan are located in the State of México. Mexico State is bounded to the north by Hidalgo and Querétaro, to the east by Tlaxcala and Puebla, to the south by Morelos and Guerrero, and to the west by Michoacán. It surrounds to the east, north and west of the Mexican Federal District.

25. México "Place of possessors of fish". Michoacán formally Michoacán de Ocampo (from NahuatlMichhuacān "place of the fishermen"), is one of the 32 constituent states of Mexico. It borders the states of Colima and Jalisco to the west, Guanajuato and Querétaro to the north, México to the east, Guerrero to the south-east, and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Michoacán has an area of 59,864 km² (23,113.6 sq mi). It is the sixteenth largest state in Mexico, taking up 3% of the national territory. In a 2005 census the population was at 3,966,073 people. Its state capital is the city of Morelia (previously known as Valladolid), located between 2 main cities in Mexico, Mexico City and Guadalajara. Michoacán

26. México Morelos Named after José María Morelos, one of the leaders of Mexico's struggle against Spain during the War of Independence. Morelos is one of the constituent states of Mexico. Morelos has an area of about 4,941 square kilometers (1,907.7 sq mi), making it the second-smallest of the country's states. Morelos is bordered by Mexico State to the north and west, Puebla to the east, and Guerrero to the south. In 2007 census the population was 1,612,899 people. The capital of Morelos is the city of Cuernavaca. Morelos also contains the cities of Cuautla, Jiutepec, and Temixco, and the pre-Columbian ruins of Xochicalco.

27. México Nayarit "Place of Nayar", referring to a 16th-century Cora chief. Nayarit is one of Mexico’s 31 states and is located on the central west coast, bordering the Pacific Ocean. Nayarit is surrounded by the states of Sinaloa to the northwest, Durango to the north, Zacatecas to the northeast and Jalisco to the south with the Pacific Ocean bordering it to the west. Also in Nayarit are the cities and towns of Acaponeta, San Blas, Santiago Ixcuintla, Matanchen, Tecuala, Zacualpan, Chacala and Tuxpan, as well as the island settlement of Mexcaltitán. Also belonging to the state are the Islas Marias, Islas Tres Marietas and Isla Isabel, all in the Pacific Ocean. Its capital is Tepic, which is located inland and south on the Tepic River. Nearby is the Sanganguey volcano and the crater lake.

28. México Nuevo León "New Leon". Named after the Kingdom of Leon, one of the historical realms that formed Spain. Nuevo León (Spanish for "New León", after the former kingdom in Spain) is a state located in northeastern Mexico. It borders the states of Tamaulipas to the north and east, Zacatecas and San Luis Potosí to the south, and Coahuila to the west. To the north, Nuevo León accounts for a 15 kilometer (9 mi) stretch of the U.S.-Mexico border adjacent to the U.S. state of Texas. The capital of Nuevo León is Monterrey, the third largest city in Mexico with over three million residents. Monterrey is a modern and affluent city, and Nuevo León has been completely industrialized. The state, as the rest of Northern Mexico, has benefited from globalization.

29. México Oaxaca The state is named after the city of Oaxaca. Oaxaca, in Spanish phonemically, named for its largest city, is one of the 31 states of Mexico, located in the southern part of the country, west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Oaxaca borders the states of Guerrero to the west, Puebla to the northwest, Veracruz to the north, Chiapas to the east, and the Pacific Ocean in the south. Oaxaca, the historic home of the Zapotec and Mixtec peoples, contains more speakers of indigenous languages than any other Mexican state.

30. México Puebla "People". The state is named after its capital city, Puebla. The Mexican state of Puebla is located in the center east of the country, to the east of Mexico City. The state of Puebla borders the states of Veracruz to the east, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Tlaxcala, and Morelos to the west, and Guerrero and Oaxaca to the south. The state's largest cities are Puebla and Tehuacan, it has 217 municipalities. The state of Puebla takes its name from the capital city, which was originally La Puebla de los Angeles (Town of the Angels). The formal name is Heróica Puebla de Zaragoza (Heroic Puebla of Zaragoza), after Ignacio Zaragoza who defeated the Imperial French army at the Battle of Puebla on May 5, 1862, which is commemorated as Cinco de Mayo.

31. México Querétaro (former formal name: Querétaro Arteaga) is a state in central Mexico. Its capital is the city of Santiago de Querétaro, although in general parlance the name "Querétaro" is used for both the city and the state. The name is thought to come from a phrase in the Otomi language meaning "the great ball game", or from a phrase in the P'urhépecha language translated as "place of stones". It should be noted that the area of La Cañada, east of Santiago de Querétaro, features a large gorge that resembles the two opposite walls that were used in the Native American ball game. Querétaro is bordered to the north by the state of San Luis Potosí, to the west by Guanajuato, to the east by Hidalgo, to the southeast by Mexico State, and to the southwest by Michoacán. The capital city of Santiago de Querétaro is located some 257 kilometres (160 miles) to the northwest of Mexico City. It is known for its Colonial Era architecture. Querétaro

32. México Quintana Roo Named after Andrés Quintana Roo, a hero from the War of Independence. Quintana Roo is a state of Mexico, on the eastern part of the Yucatán Peninsula. It borders the States of Yucatán and Campeche to the north and west, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the nation of Belize to the south. The capital of Quintana Roo is the city of Chetumal. Quintana Roo also contains the resort city of Cancún, the islands of Cozumel and Isla Mujeres, the towns of Bacalar, Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Playa del Carmen, Puerto Juárez, Akumal, Xcalak, and Puerto Morelos, as well as the ancient Maya ruins of Chacchoben, Chakanbakán, Chamax, Coba, Dzibanché, El Meco, Ichpaatán, Kohunlich, Muyil, Oxtankah, Tancah, Tulum, Tupak, Xel-Há, and Xcaret. The Sian Ka'annational park is also in Quintana Roo.

33. México Named after its capital city, San Luis Potosí. The Mexican state of San Luis Potosí has an area of 24,266 square miles (62,849 km²). It is in the north-central part of the Mexican republic, bordered by the states of Jalisco, Guanajuato, Querétaro, Hidalgo, Veracruz, Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, Coahuila, and Zacatecas. The native peoples of the state include the Huastecs and Pame people. In addition to the state capital San Luis Potosí, the state's largest cities include Ciudad Valles, Matehuala, and Rioverde. The state is at the center of an international ecological scandal, facing the illegal operation of Minera San Xavier, a subsidiary of Metallica Resources at the town of its foundation, Cerro de San Pedro, just 20 kilometers away from the capital of the state , with a known poisonous technique banned in first world countries, open pit miningleaching by cyanide. San Luis Potosí

34. México Sinaloa Origin of name is disputed. May mean "round pitahaya" or "cut corn.” Culturally, it is known for a style of music known as banda, and corrido is also popular. It is bordered by the states of Sonora to the north, Chihuahua to the northeast, Durango to the east, and Nayarit to the south. To the west of Sinaloa lies the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California, also known as the Sea of Cortez. The coast of Sinaloa is beautiful with clear blue oceans and a breathtaking sunset. Sinaloa is known for there colorful shells and even sand dollars.

35. México “In the place of the corn.” Sonora is one of the 31 federal states of Mexico and is located in the northwest of the country. Its name comes from the fact that when the first Spaniards arrived, indigenous people were not able to pronounce the word 'señora' to refer to the virgin. Thus, they said 'sonora.' Sonora's shores are washed by the Sea of Cortez in the Gulf of California, which is connected to the Pacific Ocean further south. Sonora is thus linked to the so-called "Pacific Rim," which offers ample opportunities for economic development as well as many challenges and opportunities for sustainable use of its natural resources. Sonora

36. México "Flooded earth.” It is bordered by the states of Veracruz to the west, Chiapas to the south, and Campeche to the north-east. To the east Tabasco borders with the Peténdepartment of Guatemala, and to the north with the Gulf of Mexico. Tabasco is in the northern half of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. The state capital is Villahermosa. In Tabasco and Veracruz, unlike the rest of Mexico, the accent is considered Caribbean Spanish, partly due to the heavy Cuban influence. Tourist attractions include, along with many others, the Olmec ruins of La Venta, and the Mayan ruins of Comalcalco. Tabasco

37. México "Place with high mountains.” Tamaulipas borders on the states of Veracruz to the south, San Luis Potosí to the southwest, and Nuevo León to the west. To the east Tamaulipas fronts the Gulf of Mexico; to the north Tamaulipas stands on the U.S.-Mexico border, adjacent to the U.S. state of Texas. According to the 2006 census, Tamaulipas had a population of some 3,024,238 people. The capital of Tamaulipas is Ciudad Victoria. The name of the state is derived from Tamaholipa, a Huastec term in which the tam- prefix signifies "place where." As yet, there is no scholarly agreement on the meaning of holipa, but "high hills" is a common interpretation. (However, a native population of Tamaulipas, now extinct, was referred to as the "Olives" during the early colonial period, which is a likely Spanish transformation on holipa.) Tamaulipas

38. México Tlaxcala "Place of Tortillas". The state is named after the capital of Tlaxcala, which is named after the pre-Columbiancity-state of Tlaxcallan. Tlaxcala is bordered to the west by Mexico State, to the northwest by Hidalgo, and to the north, east, and south by Puebla. The state consists of 60 municipalities. Tlaxcala was an independent nation in pre-Columbian times, never conquered by the Aztecs. The assistance of the Tlaxcalans was of instrumental importance to Cortés in his conquest of Mexico in the early 16th century.

39. México Veracruz "True Cross". The state is named after the port of Veracruz. This name was given to the first Spanish city in New Spain by Hernán Cortés in 1519, in the form La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz, "The Rich Village of the True Cross". Veracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave is one of the 31 states that constitute Mexico. In April 1518, Juan de Grijalva disembarked on an islet near the shore that was called San Juan de Ulúa. On April 22, 1519Hernan Cortez disembarked on Chalchihuecan beach, where he decided to found a village and form the first colonial settlement in Mexico. That day was Good Friday, the day of Holy Week known as the day of La Vera Cruz (True Cross) — hence he chose the name of La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz.

40. México Yucatán The (probably apocryphal) story goes that when the Spaniards first waded ashore on the Yucatán Peninsula, they asked the members of the local population, who were watching, "What is this place?" The local indígenas, not understanding Spanish, asked "What did you say?" (Yuca-hatlanás?). The Spanish assumed that anyone would understand their language, and took it to be the name. Another legend has it that when Spaniards asked a local native "Where are we?", the native answered "Yuc Atan", meaning "I'm not from here", which Spaniards assumed as the name of the place.

41. México "People from the Place of Grass". The state is named after its capital city, Zacatecas. The city was originally called Villa de Nuestra Señora de los Zacatecas, "House of Our Lady of the Zacatecs". It is located in the north-central region and it is bounded to the northwest by Durango, to the north by Coahuila and Nuevo León, to the east by San Luis Potosí, to the south by Aguascalientes and Guanajuato and to the southwest by Jalisco and Nayarit. The state is best known for its rich deposits of silver, its colonial architecture and its importance during the revolution. The state is also known as one of the safest states in the country. Zacatecas has 58 municipalities and the main economic activities are mining, agriculture and tourism. The state shares its name with its capital and chief center of population, the city of Zacatecas, Zacatecas. Zacatecas

42. El fin