6 CO2 C2H12O6 + = + 6 H20 6O2

1. 6 CO2 C2H12O6 + = + 6 H20 6O2

2. How to Calculate the Temperature of a Radiantly Heated Colored Ball ( Like our Earth ) And other essential science exposing The Willful Stupidity of the Global Statist War against the Building Block of Life ( with the Scientific Method as collateral damage ) Law of Sustainability: If it's not economically sustainable, it's not sustainable. John R Christy ( Bob Armstrong ; bob@cosy.com )

3. Utter Stagnation : Symptom of NonScience “Any field of study that has the word science in it probably isn’t.” Ken Iverson , from Arthur Whitney , Memories of Ken In the time a non-politicized branch of Applied Physics has increased chip size from mega to giga , there has been no quantitative progress on the accuracy of our understanding of Mean Planetary Temperature There is a disconnect of in-paradigm career science from the most fundamental classical computations

4. Utter Stagnation “ More seriously, let me put this in perspective with the most boring graph I have ever plotted in my life. Below is the likely range of climate sensitivity as a function of time. As you can see, with the exception of AR4 with its slightly smaller range mentioned above, the likely range of climate sensitivity did not change since the Charney report in 1979. In other words, after perhaps billions of dollars invested in climate research over more than three decades, our ability to answer the most important question in climate has not improved a single bit! “ sciencebits.com/AR5-FirstImpressions ; Nir Shaviv ; 2013-10-02

5. email < Howard (Cork) Hayden ; www.valeslake.com ; www.energyadvocate.com ; PO Box 7609 ; Pueblo West, CO 81007

6. The 0th Stupidity ( Trumping even the Physics ) We exist to battle this suicidal silliness only because all the oxygen we animals require was locked in CO2 until Photosynthesis emerged . ( Any free O2 , would have “burned up” , oxidized , forming complex organic compounds ) Since then Green Plant and Shell Forming Life has driven CO2 down to the few molecules per 10,000 of air necessary for their survival . ( actually less than argon ) It is self evident that the epochs when the conversion of the atmosphere from CO2 to O2 depositing the massive coal and petroleum resources which have powered the transformation of human welfare in the last couple of centuries were very lush ages .

7. 6 CO2 C2H12O6 + = + 6 H20 6O2

8. Sherwood Idso , http://www.co2science.org Matt Ridley : http://reason.com/reasontv/2013/03/13/matt-ridley 1982 – 2011 , ( 20.5% - 3% = 17% ) of world's vegetated area greener as seen from space .Ranga Myneni , Boston U Both lab and field : CO2 200 ppm [ 33% ] increase produces 30% improvement in plant growth

9. Deserts 'greening' from rising CO2 In findings based on satellite observations, CSIRO, in collaboration with the Australian National University (ANU), found that this CO2 fertilisation correlated with an 11 per cent increase in foliage cover from 1982-2010 across parts of the arid areas studied in Australia, North America, the Middle East and Africa, according to CSIRO research scientist, Dr Randall Donohue.

10. Data Overview While CO2 has increased from about 3 molecules per 10k of air since before the steam engine to about 4 today ( 33% ) our best estimates of temperature have gone up from about 288 kelvin to 288.8 ( 0.3%) . Simple linear extrapolation says adding again all the CO2 since the industrial revolution if that's the total cause of the increase would only increase our temperature another 0.8 degrees . ----– Approximate CO2 level necessary for life ------

11. More Detail http://www.c3headlines.com/2012/01/ global-warming-us-severe-weather-latest-data-reveals-there-to-be-no-link.html

12. “Year-to-year variability in the weather dwarfs any impact from a long-term shift in the climate.” Why farmers don’t believe in anthropogenic global warming http://judithcurry.com/2013/07/17/why-farmers-dont-believe-in-anthropogenic-global-warming/ http://wattsupwiththat.com/2013/07/03/hot-weather-and-climate-change-a-mountain-from-a-molehill/ http://wattsupwiththat.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/clip_image0041.jpg

13. The Essential Physics A white and a black stone sit in the desert sun . Which gets hotter ? Question which has stuck with me from a boy's science book read as a grade school nerd during the Eisenhower administration

14. Planetary temperature is essentially an issue of applied physics . The method of physics is to quantitatively understand geometrical arrangements so simple that they can be experimentally verified . We will consider the constraints imposed on a planet's temperature by the constraints on a ball enclosing the planet and its atmosphere . That is , we consider how to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a radiantly heated opaque colored ball .

15. Planetary temperature is essentially an issue of applied physics . The method of physics is to quantitatively understand geometrical arrangements so simple that they can be experimentally verified . We will consider the constraints imposed on a planet's temperature by the constraints on a ball enclosing the planet and its atmosphere . That is , we consider how to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a radiantly heated opaque colored ball .

16. Planetary temperature is essentially an issue of applied physics . The method of physics is to quantitatively understand geometrical arrangements so simple that they can be experimentally verified . We will consider the constraints imposed on a planet's temperature by the constraints on a ball enclosing the planet and its atmosphere . That is , we consider how to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a radiantly heated opaque colored ball .

17. Planetary temperature is essentially an issue of applied physics . The method of physics is to quantitatively understand geometrical arrangements so simple that they can be experimentally verified . We will consider the constraints imposed on a planet's temperature by the constraints on a ball enclosing the planet and its atmosphere . That is , we consider how to calculate the equilibrium temperature of a radiantly heated opaque colored ball .

18. Real Science

19. “ ... ever since Kepler proved that the orbits of the planets are ellipses, relations expressible in quantitative form have carried greater weight than those which could be stated only qualitatively." "Numerous important discoveries have been made 'by investigating the next decimal place'. … “ F.K. Richtmyer , preface to 1st ed , 1928 , Introduction to Modern Physics , 1942 . As shown above , the entire change in temperature we are seeking to explain is on the order of the third decimal place , 10ths of a percent . We will see that 97% ,all but 10 degrees , of our observed ~288k temperature is explained simply by calculating the energy we receive from the Sun . So how do we reduce the remaining unexplained 3% ? Contrast with Michael Mann of “Hockey Stick” and ClimateGate fame : Proof is for mathematical theorems and alcoholic beverages. It’s not for science.

20. Experiment

21. Vocabulary Absolute Temperature , Degrees Kelvin Same as Centigrade ( Celsius ) + freezing temperature of water , 273.15 degrees With a true 0 , you can talk about ratios , not just differences .

22. Vocabulary Absolute Temperature , Degrees Kelvin Same as Centigrade ( Celsius ) + freezing temperature of water , 273.15 degrees With a true 0 , you can talk about ratios , not just differences .  Energy Density ; Watts % Square Meter % LightSecond Equivalent to Energy Flux ( Power ) ; Watts % Square Meter Note that Energy , ie , Power % M^2 can be summed over areas . Temperature has to be converted to equivalent energy to sum . ( Watt: Joule ( energy) % sec | 1 horsepower ~= 746 watts )

23. Vocabulary Absolute Temperature , Degrees Kelvin Same as Centigrade ( Celsius ) + freezing temperature of water , 273.15 degrees With a true 0 , you can talk about ratios , not just differences .  Energy Density ; Watts % Square Meter % LightSecond Equivalent to Energy Flux ( Power ) ; Watts % Square Meter Note that Energy , ie , Power % M^2 can be summed over areas . Temperature has to be converted to equivalent energy to sum . ( Watt: Joule ( energy) % sec | 1 horsepower ~= 746 watts )  Color : Full ElectroMagnetic Spectrum Can be specified in terms of frequency , wavelength or wavenumber We will use wavelength ; ( micro ) Meters % cycle

24. Three modes of heat transfer • Radiation ( all we will be concerned with) • Conduction ( fairly simple , Fourier , pimples flatten ) • Convection ( extremely complex , mass transport ) Our Earth is a varicolored ball in a vacuum radiantly heated by a ball about 5800k so far away that it covers only about 5.41millionths of the celestial sphere around us . We will only go thru the calculation of the mean temperature of a radiantly heated opaque uniformly colored ball .

25. Reality Rules We need just 3 laws + geometry The geometry is just that needed to compute the portion of the total sky the Sun covers which ranges from about 5.234958e-6 at aphelion to 5.596861e-6 ( 1.07 x ) at perihelion See http://climatewiki.org/wiki/Category:Essential_Physics for the computations

26. Reality Rules We need just 3 laws + geometry The geometry is just that needed to compute the portion of the total sky the Sun covers which ranges from about 5.234958e-6 at aphelion to 5.596861e-6 ( 1.07 x ) at perihelion  Stefan , Boltzmann : Radiant Energy Flux is proportional to the 4th power of temperature | Psb : {[ T ] sb * T ^ 4 }

27. Stefan-BoltzmannT ^ 4 law combines with the inverse square law d ^ % 2 , so that temperature decreases by the square root of the distance from the source . Planetary temperature is linear with the temperature of the Sun . A gray ball in Earth's orbit will be about 1 % 21 that of the Sun .

28. Reality Rules We need just 3 laws + geometry The geometry is just that needed to compute the portion of the total sky the Sun covers which ranges from about 5.234958e-6 at aphelion to 5.596861e-6 ( 1.07 x ) at perihelion  Stefan , Boltzmann : Radiant Energy Flux is proportional to the 4th power of temperature | Psb : {[ T ] sb * T ^ 4 }  Kirchhoff , Stewart : The tendency to absorb a given wavelength is identical to the tendency to emit . ( absorptivity = emissivityfor any wavelength )

29. Absorption : The conversion of radiant to thermal energy || is identically equal to || Emission : The conversion of thermal to radiant energy By 1860 both KirchhoffandStewart independently had formalized the fact that : a good absorber is a good emitter ( at any particular wavelength ) 1833 Ritchie Apparatus Why should good conductors be, in general, bad radiators, and bad conductors good radiators ? Tyndall 1861

30. With this more than 150 year old observation , we can answer the question which has stuck with me since childhood . We define gray as constant absorption=emission across the whole spectrum not just the visible . A gray ball however light or dark comes to the same equilibrium temperature . The black and white stones in the desert sun come to the same temperature !

31. Reality Rules We need just 3 laws + geometry The geometry is just that needed to compute the portion of the total sky the Sun covers which ranges from about 5.234958e-6 at aphelion to 5.596861e-6 ( 1.07 x ) at perihelion  Stefan , Boltzmann : Radiant Energy Flux is proportional to the 4th power of temperature | P : {[ T ] sb * T ^ 4 }  Kirchhoff , Stewart : The tendency to absorb a given wavelength is identical to the tendency to emit . ( absorptivity = emissivity for any wavelength )  Planck : The power spectrum of a black body ( absorptivity = emissivity = 1 for all wavelengths by definition ) as a function of temperature .

32. Planck Thermal Radiation Function {[ WL ; T ] ( k0 % WL ^ 5 ) % ( _exp k1 % WL * T ) - 1 } k0 : 2 * h * c ^ 2 ; k1 : h * c % boltz

33. Spectra of Sun and Black Ball in our orbit +/' ( Sun ; Earth ) />/ 341.9 339.4 Adding across each of the power spectra show our constructed curves have an error of a percent or so . The areas under these 2 curves are equal . They are in radiative balance . The total areas are given by the Stefan-Boltzmann Law . The red curve is created by searching for the temperature which makes the area under the 2 curves equal . Works out to about 279 kelvin .

34. Power absorbed ( not reflected ) by 10m water 10m deep Water absorption spectrum Sun power spectrum 0.0003104846 2.477788 20.70641 39.20657 44.83952 41.70015 35.36329 28.76762 23.00255 18.30352 14.58724 11.68279 9.418593 7.649293 6.259724 5.161352 4.286976 3.585799 3.019384 2.558546 … … ... 0.0003104057 2.477159 20.69899 32.52415 27.74922 38.00418 35.35325 28.76032 22.99671 18.29887 14.58353 11.67982 9.416202 7.647351 6.258135 5.160041 4.285888 3.584888 3.018618 2.557896 ... ... ... = * +/ 314.5 341.9 Water strongly absorbs/emits all wavelengths except the reflected blue . Thus about 315 % 342 />/ 0.92 of the sun's energy is absorbed ( 8% reflected ) while essentially being close to black in the long wave lengths . Applying Stefan&Boltzmann 4th power relationship , 0.92 ^ % 4 />/ 0.98 , a water sphere in our orbit will come to a temperature of about 0.98 * 279 />/ 273.4, interestingly close to its melting temperature . ( 0 Celsius = 273.15 kelvin )

35. Alarmist , Flat , and Observed Hypothetical absorbemit Spectra The observed average reflectivity of the Earth as seen from outside is ~ 0.3 , therefore its absorptivity/emissivity ( ae ) is about 0.7 wrt the Sun . They are multiplied by 10 for display . The values of ae over the earth's temperature range and the computed temperature for three hypotheses are given below .

36. DATA Absorption Spectra multiply like stacking filters . If half gets thru the first and half of that gets thru the second , one quarter gets thru both . wikipedia_Atmospheric_Transmission.jpg

37. Beer-Lambert Law : Logarithmic effect of increasing concentration ( Think of adding ink to a glass of water ) http://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/03/08/the-logarithmic-effect-of-carbon-dioxide/ While there is only one CO2 molecule in each 2500 molecules of air That's enough for the most absorptive frequencies to be virtually opaque In a couple of hundred meters or so .

38. Venus

39. James Hansen classic claim that Venus is an example of Of a Runaway Greenhouse Effect CoSy.com/Science/JamesHansenRunawayVenusGreenhouseEffect.avi

40. Planetary temperature is linear with the temperature of the Sun . A gray ball in Earth's orbit will be about 1 % 21 that of the Sun .

41. Divergence Theorem Intuitively, states that the sum of all sources minus the sum of all sinks gives the net flow out of a region. Thus unless there are internal sources of heat , energy flows summed over any interior sphere must equal that given by the radiative balance with the outside .

42. What do we get when we apply these classic computations to Venus ? Venus is by far the most reflective of inner planets . It's albedo , ie reflectivity with respect to the Sun's spectrum, is about 0.9 compared to the Earth's 0.3 . Therefore , its absorptivity is only about 0.1 . It's surface temperature is measured to be about 737k . A gray ball in its orbit , calculated as above , will have an equilibrium temperature of about 328k . Thus its surface is about 2.25 times the temperature of a gray ball in its orbit . Thus the energy density at its surface is about 2.25 ^ 4 />/ 25.6 times the energy density in its orbit . For this to be due totally to the energy it absorbs from the sun it must be 1 % 25 as absorptive/emissive in the IR than its 0.1 in the visible . That is , about 0.1 % 25.6 />/ 0.004 . This is 10 times as reflective as the .96 of aluminum foil in the IR . Ergo : Venus must have internal sources of heat . It cannot be explained as a runaway greenhouse .

43. What do we get when we apply these classic computations to Venus ? Venus is by far the most reflective of inner planets . It's albedo , ie reflectivity with respect to the Sun's spectrum, is about 0.9 compared to the Earth's 0.3 . Therefore , its absorptivity is only about 0.1 . It's surface temperature is measured to be about 737k . A gray ball in its orbit , calculated as above , will have an equilibrium temperature of about 328k . Thus its surface is about 2.25 times the temperature of a gray ball in its orbit . Thus the energy density at its surface is about 2.25 ^ 4 />/ 25.6 times the energy density in its orbit . For this to be due totally to the energy it absorbs from the sun it must be 1 % 25 as absorptive/emissive in the IR than its 0.1 in the visible . That is , about 0.1 % 25.6 />/ 0.004 . This is 10 times as reflective as the .96 of aluminum foil in the IR . Ergo : Venus must have internal sources of heat . It cannot be explained as a runaway greenhouse .

44. What do we get when we apply these classic computations to Venus ? Venus is by far the most reflective of inner planets . It's albedo , ie reflectivity with respect to the Sun's spectrum, is about 0.9 compared to the Earth's 0.3 . Therefore , its absorptivity is only about 0.1 . It's surface temperature is measured to be about 737k . A gray ball in its orbit , calculated as above , will have an equilibrium temperature of about 328k . Thus its surface is about 2.25 times the temperature of a gray ball in its orbit . Thus the energy density at its surface is about 2.25 ^ 4 />/ 25.6 times the energy density in its orbit . For this to be due totally to the energy it absorbs from the sun it must be 1 % 25 as absorptive/emissive in the IR than its 0.1 in the visible . That is , about 0.1 % 25.6 />/ 0.004 . This is 10 times as reflective as the .96 of aluminum foil in the IR . Ergo : Venus must have internal sources of heat . It cannot be explained as a runaway greenhouse .

45. What do we get when we apply these classic computations to Venus ? Venus is by far the most reflective of inner planets . It's albedo , ie reflectivity with respect to the Sun's spectrum, is about 0.9 compared to the Earth's 0.3 . Therefore , its absorptivity is only about 0.1 . It's surface temperature is measured to be about 737k . A gray ball in its orbit , calculated as above , will have an equilibrium temperature of about 328k . Thus its surface is about 2.25 times the temperature of a gray ball in its orbit . Thus the energy density at its surface is about 2.25 ^ 4 />/ 25.6 times the energy density in its orbit . For this to be due totally to the energy it absorbs from the sun it must be 1 % 25 as absorptive/emissive in the IR than its 0.1 in the visible . That is , about 0.1 % 25.6 />/ 0.004 . This is 10 times as reflective as the .96 of aluminum foil in the IR . Ergo : Venus must have internal sources of heat . It cannot be explained as a runaway greenhouse

46. Nothing New Here We must be ready to employ trickery, deceit, law-breaking, withholding and concealing truth. We can and must write in a language which sows among the masses hate, revulsion, scorn, and the like, towards those who disagree with us. Vladimir Ilyich Lenin quoted in Max Eastman : Reflections on the Failure of Socialism , 1955

47. Lagniappe

48. Main Greenhouse Effect is reducing temperature variance

49. 6 CO2 C2H12O6 + = + 6 H20 6O2