Welcome

1. Welcome Thank you for using this pre-visit resource. We believe this will help strengthen student learning leading up to and during your gallery visit. Due to the different versions of PowerPoint schools may use, please check for, and correct any formatting issues before you use this presentation with your students. Please check by viewing in slide show format before making any necessary changes. If you have any questions please don’t hesitate to contact me. Learning Experiences Outside the Classrom Te Tuhi Centre for the Arts Phone: (09) 577 0138 ext 7703 jeremy@tetuhi.org.nz Jeremy Leatinu’u Education Coordinator

2. Stories from the Pacific Te Tuhi Pre visit lesson 1

3. Welcome to Stories from the Pacific In the next few lessons we will learn about… Polynesian tapa Inspired by tapa Designing our story Image: http://www.nationalgeographicstock.com/ngsimages/explore/explore.jsf?p=R09SRE9OIEdBSEFO

4. Let’s start this lesson by learning about Polynesian tapa. Image: http://www.nationalgeographicstock.com/ngsimages/explore/explore.jsf

5. What is Polynesian Tapa? How do you make Tapa? 1. Tapa is made from the bark of the paper mulberry tree. 2. The bark is stripped from the tree and flattened and joined together to make a large cloth. 3. When the tapa cloth is dry it is placed over a wooden carving and rubbed over with dye. Now we can see the pattern. 4. Next the pattern is decorated with brown and black dye. Polynesian Tapa is an art form unique to many cultures in the Pacific. Image: Neich, Roger and Pendergrast, Mick. Pacific Tapa. Auckland NZ: David Bateman Ltd, 1997. http://tropicalbrowns.blogspot.co.nz/2008/10/tonga-part-ii.html http://www.siapo.com/rubbingmethod.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapa_cloth#Fabrication

6. Polynesian tapa is made in… Which Pacific cultures make tapa cloth? • Samoa • Tonga • Uvea (Wallis Island) and Futuna • Niue • Cook Islands • Tahiti • Hawaii • Fiji • Vanuatu • Santa Cruz Islands • Solomon Islands • Papua New Guinea Image: http://www.japanfocus.org/-Terence-Wesley_Smith/2347

7. Boxes and symbols Do all Polynesian Tapa look the same? Ngatu istapa in Tonga and Siapo is tapa in Samoa. Each tapa is different in its own way. Sometimes the colour, pattern, pictures and how its made makes tapa different to one another. In the siapo we can see pictures and symbols of plants, flowers and leaves are in boxes. Samoan tapa: Siapo In Ngatu we see pictures of a shield (of Tonga), a lion and dove in boxes. All three symbols reflect Tonga’s history. Tongan tapa: Ngatu Image: Neich, Roger and Pendergrast, Mick. Pacific Tapa. Auckland NZ: David Bateman Ltd, 1997.

8. Colour and line Nature and pattern Nature inspires many tapa designs. Colour is also important to tapa design. Tapa from Papua New Guinea has red from vegetable dye and black and brown from mud. In this nemasitse, tapa cloth from Vanuatu, we can see a pattern of leaves On this Tahitian tapa we can see printed leaves and fern fronds. Kapa from Hawaii use colours including yellow, red, brown and black. Tapa made from Eromanga, Vanuatu: Nemasitse Tapa, Oro Province, Papua New Guinea Hawaiian Tapa: Kapa Tahitian tapa scarf Ahufara. Image: Neich, Roger and Pendergrast, Mick. Pacific Tapa. Auckland NZ: David Bateman Ltd, 1997. http://muse.aucklandmuseum.com/databases/general/SearchResults.aspx?dataset=Tapa&c_image_hasdata=checked&c_image_forcelogic=and&c_countryplaceoforigin_search=hawaii&Page=2

9. Circles Many tapa cloth symbols are in squares. Some big and some small. Hiapo, tapa cloth from Nuie, have symbols in circular shapes making their design unique. Nuiean Tapa: Hiapo Image: Neich, Roger and Pendergrast, Mick. Pacific Tapa. Auckland NZ: David Bateman Ltd, 1997. http://internetniue.nu/vibrant-niue/hiapo-gallery/

10. Was tapa only made to be an art work? Tapa is used for: • Masks and costumes for • celebrations, festivals and dance. • Clothing. Orator chiefs left and right wear siapo vala as lavalava or wrap-around skirts 1930` • Blankets or to make a room. • For special occasions like birthdays, weddings and funerals. A display of fine Tongan baskets containing bottles of scented coconut oil, several headrests, woven items and two large bundles of tapa cloth. Assembled for a wedding exchange 1920 Tapa is an important part of Pacific culture. Image: Neich, Roger and Pendergrast, Mick. Pacific Tapa. Auckland NZ: David Bateman Ltd, 1997. http://anoteoffriendship.blogspot.co.nz/2010/06/tongan-tapa-cloth.html Cook Islands: Mask and costume 1899

11. As we have seen, Polynesian tapa is made and used by many cultures of the Pacific… Let’s recap on what we have learnt so far…

12. What have we learnt so far? Polynesian tapa… is made from the bark of the paper mulberry tree. The bark is flattened, dried and then decorated with dye. Pacific cultures have different designs. Sometimes the colour, pattern, pictures and how its made makes one tapa cloth different to another. is important to Pacific culture. It is used for clothing, costume, masks, blankets, bedrooms and to help celebrate birthdays and weddings.

13. Art Activity: Rubbing tablet Explore tapa making by collecting small or large leaves from outside. Pick different shaped leaves to make it interesting. Place the leaves under a piece of paper and in pencil lightly shade over the top. An impression of the leaf should surface like the symbols on tapa. Try arranging your leaves in grids, circles or spread them out like nemasitse. Try using pen, chalk, colouring pencil or crayon to make it interesting. Image: http://www.creativeplayhouse.mumsinjersey.co.uk/2011/11/we-loved-rainbow-collage-much-that-i.html http://www.flickr.com/photos/bobevansimages/6936669581/sizes/m/in/photostream/ http://cindylane.com.au/wp-content/uploads/Leaf-rubbings.jpg http://mayamade.blogspot.co.nz/2011/11/oak-stamps.html http://www.spottedcanary.com/Expert_Studio/Welcoming_the_Splendor_of_Fall.htm

14. In the next lesson we will explore ‘Inspired by tapa’. End of lesson