CLINICAL PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY I Radiology in Pediatric Dentistry

1. CLINICAL PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY IRadiology in Pediatric Dentistry Sunday lecture 4\11\2012 1:00 pm-2:00 pm clinic: 2:00pm- 5:00pm Attendance sheets are signed at the beginning of each lecture and clinical sessions. OTHMAN AL-AJLOUNI

2. Lecture outline OBJECTIVE OF LECTURE YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS AT THE END OF THIS LECTURE: • WHEN TO TAKE RADIOGRAPHS IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY? • WHY RADIOGRAPHS ARE TAKEN IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY? • WHAT TO LOOK FOR IN THE RADIOGRAPHS? • WHICH FILMS TO USE AND THE VIEWS USED IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY? • HOW TO POSITION THE CHILD PATIENT TO GET NEEDED IMAGES?

3. RADIOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLES RADIOGRAPHS ARE NECESSARY TO MAKE A PROPER AND ACCURATE DIAGNOSIS • WHEN A RADIOGRAPHS IS INDICATED, HAVE THE PARENT HOLD FILM AND RESTRAIN CHILD DURING X-RAY EXAM IF NECESSARY • HAVE YOUR ASSISTANT HOLD THE FILMM AND REQUIRE THAT HE\SHE WEAR A LEAD APRON DURING THE FILM EXPOSURE

4. PARENT AND CHILD POSITION

5. WHEN TO TAKE X-RAYS ? WHEN DOES A DENTIST DETERMINE TO TAKE RADIOGRAPHS IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY? CURRENT AAPD ( AMERCAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY ) GUIDELINES REQUIRE A CLINICAL EXAMINATION PRIOR TO X-RAY EXPOSURE.

6. WHEN TO TAKE X-RAYS ? • RADIOGRAPHS SHOULD BE TAKEN ONLY WHEN THERE IS AN EXPECTATION THAT THE DIAGNOSTIC YIELD WILL AFFECT PATIENT CARE • TAKING RADIOGRAPHS SHOULD NOT BE AN AUTOMATED REACTION FOR ROUTINE CARE.

7. SELECTION CRITERIA FOR DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS RADIOGRAPHS ARE TAKEN FOR THE FOLLOWING REASONS: • INITIAL OR PERIODIC EXAMINATION - WHEN POSTERIOR PROXIMAL SURFACES CANNOT BE VIEWD. - THE TIMING OF THE INIATIAL RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION SHOULD NOT BE BASED UPON THE PATIENT´S AGE, BUT UPON EACH CHILD´S INDIVIDUAL CIRCUMSTANCES. • POST-OP EVALUATION • SPECIFIC CLINICAL INDICATIONS

8. SPECIFIC CLINICAL INDICATIONS RADIOGRAPHS ARE INDICATED FOR THE FOLLOWING REASONS: • SUSPECTED OR VISIBLE CARIES • SUSPECTED PULPAL AND\OR PERIAPICAL PATHOLOGY • TRAUMATIC INJURIES • PROBLEMS IN ERUPTION • DEVELOPMENTAL ANOMALIES • UNEXPLAINED DISCOLORATION OF TEEH • ORTHODONTIC EVALUATION • EVIDENCE OF SWELLING\FISTULA • UNEXPLAINED MOBILTY OF TEETH

9. TYPES OF DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS • BITE-WING • PERIAPICAL • OCCLUSAL • PANORAMIC

10. TYPES OF DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS • BITE-WING - USED PRIMARLY FOR INTERPRIXIMAL CARIES DETECTION - OCCLUSAL CARIES THAT HAVE PENETRATED INTO THE DENTIN - POSSIBLE CAREIS UNDER EXISTING RESTORATIONS

12. TYPES OF DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS 2. PERIAPICAL: USED PRIMARLY TO DETECT BOTH NORMAL CONDITIONS AND PATHOLOGY INVOLVING THE ROOTS OF THE TEETH AND THEIR SUPPORTING STRUCTURES A PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPH WILL SHOW: • FURCATION OR APICAL INVOLVEMENT. • PRESENCE OF CALCIFIED TISSUES. • EXTERNAL ROOT OR BONE RESORPTION. • INTERNAL ROOT RESORPTION. • ANOMALIES OF THE SUPPORTING BONE AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTRES.

14. Example: BWX Professor Othman Al-Ajlouni

15. TYPES OF DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS 3- OCCLUSAL: USED PRIMARLY FOR • EVALUATION OF SUPERNUMERARY TEETH • IMPACTED CANINES • TRAUMA TO THE ANTERIOR TEETH

16. TYPES OF DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS 4- PANORAMIC: USED PRIMARLY TO PROVIDE BASELINE DATA FOR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AND TO EVALUATE CHANGES THAT ARE OCCURING OVER TIME. A PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPH WILL SHOW: • PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF PERMANENT TEETH • POSITIONS OF THE PERMANENT TEETH IN RELATION TO THE PRIMARY TEETH • EVALUATION OF BONY LESIONS AND THE TMJ

17. Post-Operative OPG: Professor Othman Al-Ajlouni

18. GUIDELINES FOR PRESCRIBING RADIOGRAPHS 4- ATION OF BONY LESIONS AND THE TMJ

19. EXAMPLE CASE

20. Intraoral Swelling - Fistula Professor Othman Al-Ajlouni

21. Thank You