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Chapter 13

Chapter 13 . Alcohol. Section 1: Why People drink. Reasons? Drinking in Moderation – causes no harm (1-2 drinks a day) Drink – ½ oz of pure ethanol 1 oz of hard liquor 10 oz of wine cooler 12 oz of beer 3-4 oz of wine Proof - % of alcohol in a beverage 100 proof is 50% alcohol.

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Chapter 13

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  1. Chapter 13 Alcohol

  2. Section 1: Why People drink • Reasons? • Drinking in Moderation – causes no harm (1-2 drinks a day) • Drink – ½ oz of pure ethanol • 1 oz of hard liquor • 10 oz of wine cooler • 12 oz of beer • 3-4 oz of wine • Proof - % of alcohol in a beverage • 100 proof is 50% alcohol

  3. Section 1: Why People drink • Drinking behaviors • Moderate – not harming health • Social – could be moderate or problem drinker • Binge – 4+ drinks in a short period

  4. Section 1: Why People drink

  5. Section 1: Why People drink • Problem Drinker – (Abuser) suffers social, emotional, family, job, or other problems • Addict – disease of alcoholism (out of control) • P346 figure 13-2 • Skills for moderation (p346, 348 inventory)

  6. Section 2: Effects • Alcohol is easily moved throughout the body, so it affects all parts – from stomach/intestines to bloodstream • Moderate drinker • Liver – processes alcohol into harmless wastes, but can only handle 1 drink per hour. When drink more, you overload. • Depresses brain’s fine tuning behavior (talk or laugh louder) • Not a stimulant…appears to be because one is socially stimulated • Skin feels warmer (blood vessels dilate) • Lose awareness (from cerebral cortex) • Speech and vision affected • Emotions easily shown

  7. Section 2: Effects • Excessive Drinker • Unpredictable behaviors (fights, sexual intercourse) • Judgment gone • Muscle control • Respiration and heartbeat affected

  8. Intoxication – state of being poisoned (alcohol is a toxin)

  9. Section 2: Effects • Hangover • Withdrawal signs • Headache, sensation in mouth, nausea • More serious would be tremors, delerium (confusion) • Congeners – ingredients in alcoholic beverages that irritate the nervous system • Dehydration – alcohol forces body to lose water • Formaldehyde – forms when body breaks down alcohol (also used in preserving dead animals

  10. Section 2: Effects • Long Term Effects • Liver disease, high blood pressure, lower defenses against infection • Fat produced from alcohol can collect in other places • Brain damage – vision, memory, learning ability • Diabetes (pancreas can stop producing insulin) • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome – mental and or physical retardation and birth defects in newborns • p354

  11. Section 3: Accidents and Alcohol • DWI • DUI – 0.08, 0.02 (for whom?) • Breathalyzer • Sober – free of alcohol’s effects (can be up to 24 hours)…time is only way to get sober

  12. Section 3: Accidents and Alcohol • Dealing with an intoxicated person • Don’t respond to emotions from alcohol • Do show concern • Do not trust their judgment (why?) • Take keys

  13. Section 4: Recovery • Costs of Alcoholism • Friendships, job, marriage, life, other’s life • If you start before the age of 15, you are 4x more likely to be dependent age of 21

  14. Section 4: Recovery • Why is recovery difficult? • It is an addiction • Enabling/codependent • Length of time (ever “cured”?) • Denial, bargaining, anger, guilt, acceptance • Support system • AA, Al-Anon

  15. Facts • Alcohol is depressant • On average someone is killed by a drunk driver every 45 minutes. • In 2008, an estimated 11,773 people died in alcohol-impaired traffic crashes. • Three in every 10 Americans will be involved in an alcohol-related crash in their lives. • A first time drunk driving offender on average has driven drunk 87 times prior to being arrested.

  16. Facts • Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death among teenagers in the US and are responsible for more than one in three deaths of American teenagers. Of the teen drivers killed on the road in 2006, 31% had been drinking, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

  17. Facts • When a person drinks alcohol, the alcohol is absorbed by the stomach, enters the bloodstream, and goes to all the tissues. The effects of alcohol are dependent on a variety of factors: • person’s size • weight • type of drink (carbonated) • age • Sex male/female • amount of food in stomach • amount of alcohol consumed.

  18. More Facts • Tolerance • Dependence • #1 used drug? • Different types of alcohol…Ethyl alcohol (ethanol), the only alcohol used in beverages, is produced by the fermentation of grains and fruits. Fermenting is a chemical process whereby yeast acts upon certain ingredients in the food, creating alcohol.

  19. More Facts SIGNS OF AN ALCOHOLIC: • Drinks alone • Family/work affected • Hides alcohol • Drinks in the morning • Blacks out • Promises it is the last drink • Loss of control

  20. More Facts • The human brain continues to grow into a person's early 20s.  Drinking alcohol during that time can damage short and long-term brain growth and that damage can be permanent. • Teens that drink are at a greater risk of becoming alcoholics

  21. More Facts 123 45 6 7 8 9 10 1112 100 lb .038 .075 .113 .150 .188 .225 .263 .300 .338 .375 .413 .450 110 lb. .034 .066 .103 .137 .172 .207 .241 .275 .309 .344 .379 .412 120 lb. .031 .063 .094 .125 .156 .188 .219 .250 .281 .313 .344 .375 130 lb. .029 .058 .087 .116 .145 .174 .203 .232 .261 .290 .320 .348 140 lb. .027 .054 .080 .107 .134 .161 .188 .214 .241 .268 .295 .321 150 lb. .025 .050 .075 .100 .125 .151 .176 .201 .226 .251 .276 .301 160 lb. .023 .047 .070 .094 .117 .141 .164 .188 .211 .234 .258 .281 170 lb. .022 .045 .066 .088 .110 .132 .155 .178 .200 .221 .244 .265 180 lb. .021 .042 .063 .083 .104 .125 .146 .167 .188 .208 .229 .250 190 lb. .020 .040 .059 .079 .099 .119 .138 .158 .179 .198 .217 .237 200 lb. .019 .038 .056 .075 .094 .113 .131 .150 .169 .188 .206 .225 210 lb. .018 .036 .053 .071 .090 .107 .125 .143 .161 .179 .197 .215 220 lb. .017 .034 .051 .068 .085 .102 .119 .136 .153 .170 .188 .205 230 lb. .016 .032 .049 .065 .081 .098 .115 .130 .147 .163 .180 .196 240 lb. .016 .031 .047 .063 .078 .094 .109 .125 .141 .156 .172 .188

  22. More Facts • Traffic crashes are the #1 killer in the15-24 year old age group. Once a person stops drinking the body eliminates alcohol at the rate of about .015 grams BAC per hour. How does the body get rid of the alcohol? 10% thru urine, breath and sweat 90% oxidized by the liver. It takes 1 hour per drink Cirrhosis- scarring of liver, no blood flow

  23. More Facts • Physiological dependence: body develops a chemical need for the drug . Body builds up tolerance and goes thru withdrawal with out the drug. • Psychological dependence: a person believes the drug is needed. • Addiction: physiological and psychological dependence on a drug

  24. More Facts • http://www.drugfreeworld.org/#/documentaries/truth-about-drugs-documentary-alcohol

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