Swine (Pig) Production

1. Swine (Pig) Production Original Power Point Created by Randal Cales Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office June 2002

2. Swine (Pig) Production • Main Purpose – to produce pork for Human consumption

3. Swine (Pig) ProductionTerms for Understanding • Castration – the removal of testicals from the male swine for the purpose of improving feed conversion, disposition and meat quality

4. Swine (Pig) ProductionTerms for Understanding • Boar– A male pig not castrated that is used for breeding purposes • Barrow- A male pig that IS castrated that is entirely meant for pork production

5. Swine (Pig) ProductionTerms for Understanding • Sow– A female pig that has already produces a litter of baby pigs • Gilt- A female pig that has NOT produces a litter of baby pigs

6. Breeds Of Swine

7. Duroc • Origin-New York/New Jersey • Ears- Droopy • Color- Cherry Red • Misc.-Large Frame, Fast gainers, good mothers, Popular breed

8. Hampshire • Origin-Kentucky • Ears-Erect • Color-Black with a White Belt • Misc.-The “Meat Breed” Excellent Carcass

9. Berkshire • Origin-England • Ears-Erect • Color-Black with 6 White Points • Misc.-Short Snout, Meat type hog

10. Poland China • Origin-Ohio • Ears-Droopy • Color- Black w/6White points • Misc.-Long body thick hams

11. Spots (Spotted Poland China) • Origin-Ohio • Ears-Droopy • Color-no less than 20% or more than 80% White • Misc.-Good mothers, fast gainers

12. Chester White • Origin-Pennsylvania • Ears-Droopy • Color-White with blue freckles • Misc.-good mothers, large frame

13. Yorkshire • Origin-England • Ears-Erect • Color- White • Misc.-The Mother Breed, Largest Litters

14. Landrace • Origin-Denmark • Ears-Droopy • Color-White • Misc.-Extremely Long Body

15. Tamworth • Origin- ? • Ears-Erect • Color-Red • Misc.-Not Very good

16. Swine Reproduction

17. Reproduction

18. Estrus The period of time a sow is receptive to the male for breeding purposes Comes every 21 days Last for 3 days Ovulation (egg production) occurs Swine Reproduction

19. Fertilization The period of time in which the sperm actually unites with the eggs Multi-fertilization which causes multi-pig litters Swine Reproduction

20. Gestation The time between fertilization and giving birth (parturition) 114 Day or 3 months, 3 weeks, and 3 days Swine Reproduction

21. Farrowing a sow The components of controlled delivery Put sow in crate 1-5 Days before due date Exercise Daily Feed 6 lbs daily Once babies are born add one pound per pig to ration Swine Reproduction

22. Farrowing Baby Pig Care - first 2 weeks Have feed out from day 1 Give iron shot ¼ cc Clip Teeth Castrate Ear notch Swine Reproduction

23. Ear Notching Universal Swine Identification system Tags will come off in the feed pen Swine Reproduction

24. Swine Reproduction • Ear Notching

25. Swine Reproduction • Ear Notching

26. Swine Reproduction • Ear Notching • Quiz

27. Swine Reproduction • Ear Notching • The right (litter) ear is equal to 9+3+3+1=16 • The left (pig) ear is equal to 3 • This is the 16-3 pig.

28. Swine for pork 50 to 70 % of total production cost Use a good commercial brand name feed In General an animal will eat 3% of its body weight Protein is the Key feed element Feeds & Feeding

29. Protein % for Swine 18%- 0-5 weeks 16% - 5 weeks to 75 lbs 14%- 75lbs to 125lbs - 12%- 125 to the market weight of 250 pounds Feeds & Feeding

30. The End