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Networking

Networking. Module 5. You Are Here. vSphere Environment. Operations. Introduction to VMware Virtualization. Access Control. VMware ESX and ESXi. Resource Monitoring. VMware vCenter Server. Data Protection. Scalability. Networking. Storage. High Availability. Virtual Machines.

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Networking

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  1. Networking Module 5

  2. You Are Here vSphere Environment Operations Introduction to VMware Virtualization Access Control VMware ESX and ESXi Resource Monitoring VMware vCenter Server Data Protection Scalability Networking Storage High Availability Virtual Machines Patch Management Installing VMware ESX and ESXi VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  3. Importance • VMware® ESX™/ESXi networking features allow virtual machines to communicate with other virtual and physical machines, allow management of the ESX/ESXi host, and allow the VMkernel to access IP-based storage and perform VMware vMotion™ migrations. Failure to properly configure ESX/ESXi networking can negatively affect virtual machine management and storage operation. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  4. Module Lessons • Lesson 1: Creating vNetwork Standard Switches • Lesson 2: Modifying Standard Virtual Switch Properties VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  5. Lesson 1:Creating vNetwork Standard Switches VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  6. Lesson Objectives • Define virtual network • Describe a virtual switch • Describe the virtual switch connection types • Describe the components of a vNetwork standard switch • Create a vNetwork standard switch VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  7. What Is a Virtual Network? What Is a Virtual Switch? A virtual network provides the networking for hosts and virtual machines that use virtual switches. • A virtual switch: • Directs network traffic between virtual machines and links to external networks. • Combines the bandwidth of multiple network adapters and balances traffic among them. It can also handle physical network interface card (NIC) failover. • Models a physical Ethernet switch: • A virtual machine’s NIC can connect to a port. • Each uplink adapter uses one port. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  8. Types of Virtual Switch Connections • A virtual switch allows the following connection types: • VMkernel port: • For example, for IP storage or vMotion migration • For the ESXi management network • One or more virtual machine port groups • Service console port (ESX) VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  9. Virtual Switch Connection Examples More than one network can coexist on the same virtual switch. Or networks can exist on separate virtual switches. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  10. Types of Virtual Switches A virtual network supports two types of virtual switches: • vNetwork standard switches: • Virtual switch configuration for a single host • Discussed in this module • vNetwork distributed switches: • Virtual switches that provide a consistent network configuration for virtual machines as they migrate across multiple hosts • Discussed in module 11 VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  11. Standard Virtual Switch Components VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  12. Default Standard Virtual Switch Configuration Display standard virtual switches. Display virtual switch properties. Delete the virtual switch. Display Cisco Discovery Protocol information. Display port group properties. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  13. Physical Network Considerations Discuss VMware vSphere™ networking needs with your network administration team, such as: • Number of physical switches • Network bandwidth required • Physical switch support for 802.3AD (for NIC teaming) • Physical switch support for 802.1Q (for VLAN trunking) • Network port security • Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) and its operational modes: listen, broadcast, listen and broadcast, and disabled. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  14. Lab 4 • In this lab, you will create a standard virtual switch and port group. • View the current standard virtual switch configuration. • Create a standard virtual switch. • Verify that your virtual machine has proper access to the Production network. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  15. Lesson Summary • Define virtual network • Describe a virtual switch • Describe the virtual switch connection types • Describe the components of a vNetwork standard switch • Create a vNetwork standard switch VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  16. Lesson 2:Modifying Standard Virtual Switch Properties VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  17. Lesson Objectives • Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch: • Number of ports • Network adapters • Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch port group: • VLANs • Security, traffic-shaping, and NIC teaming policies VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  18. Standard Virtual Switch Ports You can change the number of ports on a standard virtual switch. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  19. Network Adapter Properties For each physical adapter, speed and duplex can be changed. You might need to set the speed and duplex for certain NIC and switch combinations. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  20. VLANs ESX/ESXi supports 802.1Q VLAN tagging. Virtual switch tagging is one of three tagging policies supported. • Packets from a virtual machine are tagged as they exit the virtual switch. • Packets are untagged as they return to the virtual machine. • Performance is not much affected. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  21. Network Policies Three network policies: • Security • Traffic shaping • NIC teaming Policies are defined: • At the standard virtual switch level: • Default policies for all the ports on the standard virtual switch • At the port or port group level: • Effective policies: Policies defined at this level override the default policies set at the standard virtual switch level. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  22. Security Policy Administrators can configure layer 2 Ethernet security options at the standard virtual switch and at the port groups. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  23. Traffic-Shaping Policy Network traffic shaping is a mechanism for controlling a virtual machine’s network bandwidth. Average rate, peak rate, and burst size are configurable. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  24. Configuring Traffic Shaping Traffic shaping is disabled by default. Parameters apply to each virtual NIC in the standard virtual switch. • On a standard switch, traffic shaping controls outbound traffic only. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  25. NIC Teaming Policy NIC Teaming settings: • Load Balancing (outbound only) • Network Failure Detection • Notify Switches • Failback • FailoverOrder VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  26. Load-Balancing Method: Port ID-Based VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  27. Load-Balancing Method: Source MAC-Based VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  28. Load-Balancing Method: Source IP-Based VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  29. Detecting and Handling Network Failure Network failure is detected by the VMkernel, which monitors: • Link state only • Link state plus beaconing Switches can be notified whenever: • There is a failover event • A new virtual NIC is connected to the virtual switch Failover implemented by the VMkernel based on configurable parameters: • Failback: • Determines how a physical adapter is returned to active duty after recovering from a failure • Load-balancing option: Use explicit failover order. • Always use the highest order uplink from the list of active adapters that pass failover detection criteria. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  30. Lab 5 (Optional) • In this lab, you will design a network configuration for an ESXi host, based on a set of requirements. • Analyze the requirements. • Design virtual switches and physical connections. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  31. Lesson Summary • Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch: • Number of ports • Network adapters • Describe the properties of a standard virtual switch port group: • VLANs • Security, traffic-shaping, and NIC teaming policies VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

  32. Key Points • There are three connection types on a virtual switch: virtual machine, VMkernel, and service console (ESX only). • A standard virtual switch is a virtual switch configuration for a single host. • A distributed virtual switch is a virtual switch configuration that can be used across multiple hosts. • Network policies set at the standard virtual switch level can be overridden at the port group level. VMware vSphere 4.1: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

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