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COLLISIONS & KINETIC ENERGY

COLLISIONS & KINETIC ENERGY. Two identical carts with opposite velocities. Case 1 One cart has a spring attached. Result: elastic collision -no loss of energy. Case 2 One cart has clay attached to stick. Result: inelastic collision -all energy lost. COLLISIONS CONTINUED.

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COLLISIONS & KINETIC ENERGY

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  1. COLLISIONS & KINETIC ENERGY Two identical carts with oppositevelocities. Case 1 One cart has a spring attached. Result: elastic collision -no loss of energy. Case 2 One cart has clay attached to stick. Result: inelastic collision -all energy lost.

  2. COLLISIONS CONTINUED Case 3. One cart is at rest and has potential energy stored in a spring. When the second cart collides, the stored energy is released and both carts share the stored energy that was released. Similar to a slingshot effect or gravity assist when a satellite (or spacecraft) overtakes a planet. See Figure 3-34

  3. Power Power is the rate at which energy is transferred or transformed. Power = Work time Symbol: P Unit: watt = Joule/ second (w)

  4. POWER UNITS Metric English watt foot-pound horsepower second Conversions 1 horsepower = 550 ft-lb/sec = 746 watts

  5. ROTATIONAL MOTION Linear Motion Rotational Motion d (distance)  (angle) radian (rad) v (velocity) (angular velocity) rad/s a (acceleration)  ( ang. acceleration) rad/s2 m ( mass) I ( moment of inertia) F = m a  = I  mv (momentum) I (angular momentum)

  6. Relationship of Linear to Angular d = r  v = r  a = r  (small mass) I = m r2

  7. CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM The total angular momentum of an isolated system is a constant. (I )before = (I )after For a small spherical object of mass m Sum (m v r) before = Sum (m v r) after

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