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Alcohol Related Motor Vehicle, Pedestrian, and Pedalcycle Injury in San Diego County

Alcohol Related Motor Vehicle, Pedestrian, and Pedalcycle Injury in San Diego County. Edward M. Castillo, PhD Alan M. Smith, MPH Barbara M. Stepanski, MPH Leslie Upledger Ray, MA, MPPA Patti A. Murrin, RN, MPH County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency

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Alcohol Related Motor Vehicle, Pedestrian, and Pedalcycle Injury in San Diego County

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  1. Alcohol Related Motor Vehicle, Pedestrian, and Pedalcycle Injury in San Diego County Edward M. Castillo, PhD Alan M. Smith, MPH Barbara M. Stepanski, MPH Leslie Upledger Ray, MA, MPPA Patti A. Murrin, RN, MPH County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency Division of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Research Data Systems

  2. Background • Motor Vehicle Crashes • 40% of all traffic fatalities are alcohol related • 310,000 persons injured in alcohol-related crashes • 3 in every 10 Americans will be involved in an alcohol-related crash

  3. Background (cont) • Pedestrian crashes • Drastic effect on individuals and communities • Account for 12% of all deaths related to motor vehicle crashes in the US • Alcohol involvement among pedestrians in such crashes is 37 percent

  4. Previous Outlet Research • Treno et al. (2001) • alcohol outlet density related to self-reported injury • Escobedo et al. (2002) • alcohol outlet density related to suicide, alcohol-related crash (fatal and non-fatal) • Gruenewald et al (2002) • alcohol outlet density related to self-reported drinking and driving

  5. Research Questions • How do the patterns of alcohol-involved motor vehicle, motorcycle, pedestrian, and pedalcycle crashes differ? • Is there a relationship between on-site alcohol consumption sites and these types of crashes?

  6. Data Sources • Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS) • Statewide database for motor vehicle related injury crashes in California • San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) • Population Estimates • State of California, Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control • Alcohol license data

  7. Methods • SWITRS Data • One or more of the party types involved is determined by the officer to have been drinking • Fault of crash is assigned by the officer • Includes motor vehicle occupant, motorcycle, pedestrian, and pedalcycle • Alcohol Outlets • 5270 of 5281 (99.7%) alcoholic beverage licenses in San Diego County were geocoded using ArcView 3.2A • 3432 on-site • 1838 off-site

  8. Methods • Crash data evaluated by type, time of crash (crash data not victim data) • Crash mapped in relation to onsite alcohol consumption outlet • Buffer zones created around outlets • 200,500,1000 meters • Comparison of crashes in and out of buffer zones

  9. San Diego County • 2.8 million population • Diverse population living in urban, suburban, and rural areas • Popular tourist location - 15 million overnight tourists annually • Largest military installation in continental US • World’s busiest border crossing

  10. Type of Crashes in SD County

  11. Involvement of Alcohol

  12. Hour of Day: Motor Vehicle

  13. Fault and Time of Day:Pedestrian and Pedalcycle

  14. Conclusions • Patterns of alcohol-involved crashes • Male, young to middle age • MV crashes increase until ‘closing time’ • Pedestrian/pedalcycle crashes most common between 4 and 10PM • Relationship between crashes and on-site consumption sites • Pedestrian/pedalcycle crash and on-site outlet association (at 200 meters) • No other association noted

  15. Limitations • Ecologic Study Design • Hypothesis generating • Confounding factors • Surveillance Data • Limitations for research

  16. Future Research • Utilizing additional data, such as SES, prehospital, or medical examiner • Additional subjects • Injury • Violence • More rigorous study methodologies

  17. Acknowledgements • The data collection efforts of the police and sheriff deputies throughout San Diego County are gratefully acknowledged, as is the cooperation of State staff for providing the SWITRS data to San Diego County.

  18. Contact Information Edward M. Castillo, PhD County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency Emergency Medical Services 6255 Mission Gorge Road San Diego, CA 92120 (619) 285-6429 phone (619) 285-6531 fax Edward.Castillo@sdcounty.ca.gov

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