1 / 13

Cellular Communication

Cellular Communication. -All cells communicate -Eukaryotes and prokaryotes!. Communication process usually involves the plasma membrane 2 types: local and long-distance. Local Signaling. Direct contact Gap junctions or plasmodesmata Cytoplasms of cells directly connected

callum-pace
Download Presentation

Cellular Communication

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cellular Communication -All cells communicate -Eukaryotes and prokaryotes!

  2. Communication process usually involves the plasma membrane • 2 types: local and long-distance

  3. Local Signaling • Direct contact • Gap junctions or plasmodesmata • Cytoplasms of cells directly connected • Animal cells also by direct contact between membrane-bound molecules • Use of messenger molecules for short-distance communication • Paracrine signaling • Synaptic signaling

  4. Long-Distance • Use of hormones to travel long distances • Nervous and endocrine system

  5. 3 Stages of Cell Signaling

  6. Reception • Signaling molecule= ligand • Causes a change in the receptor protein • Most receptors are found in the plasma membrane • Ligands are water-soluble

  7. Receptors in the Plasma Membrane • Two Major Types • G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) • Ligand-gated ion channels

  8. Ligand-gated ion channel

  9. Intracellular Receptors • Cytoplasm or nucleus • Hydrophobic signals- ex. steroids

  10. Transduction by Cascade • Transduction of cell signaling usually involves multiple steps • Gives possibility of signal amplification • Signal transduction pathway usually involves proteins • Change in shape of a protein • Phosphorylation

  11. Protein Changes • Protein kinase- adds phosphate groups from ATP to a protein

  12. Second Messengers • Small, non-protein, water-soluble molecules • Ex. Cyclic AMP or Ca2+ • Easily move through cytoplasm • Activate other proteins • Epinephrine

  13. Cholera and interruption of signaling • Disruption of GPCR

More Related