Development of Geoprocessing Service with Realtime Data Using WPS and SOS Open Standard

1. Development of Geoprocessing Service with Realtime Data Using WPS and SOS Open Standard Sarawut Ninsawat, Venkatesh Raghavan Graduate School for Creative Cities Osaka City University FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

2. Introduction • Rapid urbanization is global phenomenon and it is estimated that 60% of the worlds population will be urban by the year 2050. • Providing a clean, safe and creative urban environment has become a top priority for many nations. • Clean and safe water is one of the precious resource for the urban population . • A comprehensive system that could monitor a water quality and provide information for to stake-holders needs to be implemented • Such a system should; • Provide access to geospatial water quality data over the Web for collaborating all the departments. • Allow spatial analysis and environmental modeling functionality for decision making. • Afford timely reporting of events through real-time in situ measurement (not a archive system). FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

3. Dynamic Web-GIS • Many standards for a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI), which aims to facilitate and standardize the storage and access of to spatial data • Availability of spatial analysis capability in Web-GIS applications would allow extraction of knowledge from spatial data repositories. • GRASSLinks (Huse, 1995) is one of the early implementation of analytical Web GIS for providing public access to environmental information. • Similarly, pgRouting provides some core tools for Location Based Services. • However, only the visualization and searching is inadequate for monitoring purposes. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

4. Web Processing Service • Recently, Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) launches a draft specification of Web Processing Service (WPS) , originally named Geoprocessing Service. • The specified Web Processing Service provides client access to pre-programmed calculations and/or computation models that operate on spatially referenced data. • The result of request process are available to download for further analysis at user’s machine. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

5. PyWPS (Python Web Processing Service) • PyWPS is written in Python programming language. • GRASS Go Web • PyWPS implement OGC’s Web Processing Service standard • Operable with any other tool or just with Python itself even without GRASS GIS in the background • Current version is 2.0.0 • http://pywps.wald.intevation.org/index.psp. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

6. WPS Interface • GetCapabilities –This operation allows a client to describe the abilities of specific server implementation. • DescribeProcess –This operation allows a client to request detailed information about one or more process that can be executed, including the necessary input parameters and formats, and the outputs. • Execute –This operation allows a client to run a specified process implemented by the WPS, using provided input parameter values and returning the output produced. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

7. WPS : GetCapabilities Interface • ppt\getcap01.jpg http://mizu.info.gscc.osaka-cu.ac.jp/cgi-bin/wps.py?service=wps&version=0.4.0&request=getcapabilities FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

8. WPS : DescribeProcess Interface http://mizu.info.gscc.osaka-cu.ac.jp/cgi-bin/wps.py?service=wps&version=0.4.0&request=describeprocess&Identifier=shortestpath FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

9. WPS : Execute Interface[ProcessAccepted] http://mizu.info.gscc.osaka-cu.ac.jp/cgi-bin/wps.py?service=wps& version=0.4.0&request=execute& Identifier=shortestpath&Datainputs=cost,0,x1,596527,y1,4921298,x2,598173,y2,4923383&store=true&status=true FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

10. WPS : Execute Interface[ProcessStarted] http://mizu.info.gscc.osaka-cu.ac.jp/wpsoutputs/executereponse-2007-6-18-15-9-3.xml FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

11. WPS : Execute Interface[ProcessSucceeded] http://mizu.info.gscc.osaka-cu.ac.jp/wpsoutputs/executereponse-2007-6-18-15-9-3.xml FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

12. Web Processing Service Server PyWPS System GRASS GIS GML Execute Request **Execute Request http://wps.org/cgibin/wps.py?service=wps& version=0.4.0&request=execute& Identifier=shortestpath&Datainputs=cost,0,x1,596527,y1,4921298,x2,598173,y2,4923383&store=true&status=true GeoTiff GML or GeoTiff Result User Shp Web-Mapping Application PostgreSQL/PostGIS FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007 WFS WCS GeoTiff, GML

13. WPS : Result[GML] FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

14. Demo site FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

15. Real-Time Data Web Processing Service Server PyWPS System GRASS GIS GML Execute Request GML or GeoTiff Result GeoTiff User Web-Mapping Application Shp PostgreSQL/PostGIS WFS WCS GeoTiff, GML FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

16. Sensor Network • In the past, to acquire an information from remote place consume time and money. • Environmental monitoring requires real-time reporting and archiving of events and phenomenon. • Sensors and communications chips can be embedded in data logging devices enabling them to. • communicate with other devices, serviced and upgraded remotely through computer network. • collect huge amount of information at low costs via a network of field sensors. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

17. Wireless Sensor system • The sensor-node “Field Server” equipped with a Web server and Wireless Lan was introduced for a remote field monitoring system • Manage and periodically collect monitoring data via the Internet connection from remote place. • More than 40 Field Servers are currently deployed in various parts of Japan, the United States, Thailand, China, Korean and Taiwan. • However, the lack of integration and communication between these sensor networks, often leaves such valuable information underutilized. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

18. Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

19. Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) • O&M [Observations & Measurements Schema] • SensorML [Sensor Model Language ] • TML [Transducer Markup Language] • SOS [Sensor Observation Service] • In this study, 52N Sensor Observation Service (52NSOS) has been used. • Provides the framework of the sensing resources to service users. • SPA [Sensor Planning Service] • SAS [Sensor Alert Service] • WNS [Web Notification Service] FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

20. Sensor Observation Service (SOS) GetObservation Observations/Measurements FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

21. SOS Result FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

22. Implementation of Real-time unmanned modeling map Sensor Observation Service (SOS) WFS WCS Web Processing Service (WPS) GeoTiff, GML • Real-time map • Update in situ data to modeling computation • Water Quality demonstrate is developing. • In this demonstrate, simulated sensor nodes are used to supply a water quality value to SOS. Web-Mapping Application User FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

23. WPS and SOS integration • Due to the capability of WPS that allows to access distributed geospatial data across the network (such as WCS and WFS). • It is possible to utilize the observation from SOS server. • Presently, WPS are not able to directly use this observation data in further processing. • The observation is converted to a feature object as GML document, which is an acceptable data format for WPS. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

24. SOS Result -> GML FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

25. Water Quality Index (WQI) • The WQI, which was developed in the early 1970s, • Over 100 water quality experts were called upon to create a standard Water Quality Index. • Monitor water quality changes in a particular water supply over time, • Compare a water supply's quality with other water supplies in the region or from around the world. • The results can also be used to determine if a particular stretch of water is considered to be "healthy." FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

26. Seven water quality parameters • Dissolved Oxygen (% Saturation) • Nitrate (mg/L) • pH • Total Phosphate (mg/L) • Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) • Temperature Change (C) • Turbidity (NTU) FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

27. WQI Calculation qn that is a quality rating is computed using the following equation. Where Vactual : actual amount of n parameter from analysis Videal : ideal value of water quality parameter Videal for pH = 7, D.O. = 14.6 mg/L and for other parameters is zero. Vstandard: recommended WHO standard value of water quality parameter. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

28. WQI Calculation Where W (Weight factor) is computed using the following equation. Where K is proportionality constant that is derived from Where Sn and Si are the WHO standard values of each water quality parameters. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

29. WQI • The Q-value for each test should then be multiplied by the weighting factor. • Summarize of all Q-value is a Water Quality Index rating. • You may perform as many of the following tests as you wish. • However, at least 6 must be completed, Divide the total of the Q-value by the total of the Weighting Factor to obtain the Water Quality Index rating. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

30. Demo System : WQI(Biwa Lake Supplies water to Osaka) FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007 • http://mizu.info.gscc.osaka-cu.ac.jp/waterwqi/

31. Demo system : SST (WCS data source) FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007 • http://mizu.info.gscc.osaka-cu.ac.jp/waterwqi/

32. Demo site : Turbidity Index (WCS data source) FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

33. Conclusion • The integration of two OGC-compliant open standards to create a comprehensive geoprocessing service utilizing real-time data from sensor observation network has been described • SOS can be a valuable data source for WPS via the integrated client developed as a part of this study • Due to standardization, the usage of geodata as well access to real-time data much easier and less expensive allows better decision making. • We are now working on development of field water quality sensor that could be integrated with the present system for monitoring groundwater quality urban areas. FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007

34. Thank you FOSS4G2007 24-27 September 2007