BLUE AND ORANGE

1. BLUE AND ORANGE 1450-1750 1750 – 1914

2. What makes 1450 to 1750 Different? • Economic • Expansion to the New World creates a truly global trade network. • Silver trade has a massive impact on the world market • Coercive labor goes to a whole new level. • Trade relationships begin to center around Western Europe. • Plantation Economies

3. What makes 1450-1750 Different? • Political • Colonization of the Americas • Core – Dependent relationships • Militarization of trade • Gunpowder technology • The rise of Western Europe • China’s decision to withdraw

4. What makes 1450 – 1750 Different? • Social • Migration patterns • Demographic changes in Africa and the New World

5. Rise of Western Europe • State Building • Empire Building • Cultural Growth • Religious Change – Reformation(s)

6. Statebuilding Ferdinand & Isabella Henry VIII

7. Empire Building

8. Empire Building

9. Reformations St. Ignatius of Loyola Martin Luther

10. Columbian Exchange • The plants • The animals • The GERMS • The people

11. Columbian Exchange

12. And more exchange

16. Spanish America vs. North America • Why do mother countries matter? • Why does geography matter?

17. Indian Ocean Changes • Militarization of a once peaceful trade network • Early European imperialism

19. Ming China • Why didn’t China “discover” America? • Neo-Confucianism at its best/worst

20. Gunpowder Empires • Ottoman • Safavid • Mughal

23. Japan vs. Russia Act 1

26. Remember the “Enlightened Despot?”

27. 1750 – 1914What makes it different??? • Economics: • Western dominance of trade is clear and the world becomes smaller with new technologies and transportation. • Industrialization creates huge separation between the world’s powerful countries and those that remain agricultural and “behind.” This difference is highlighted by imperialism.

28. 1750 – 1914What makes it different? • Political: • Political revolutions – for independence or political change • The concept of the nation emerges. • Absolutism is challenged, and the idea of democracy spreads. • Social: • Industrialization impacts: gender patterns and the growing middle class, but also increases the gap between the rich and poor • Labor systems change as slavery and serfdom become less prevalent.

29. 1750 – 1914Industrialization • Why did it begin in Britain? • Agricultural change and and Enclosures • New inventions • Natural resources and transportation • Economic and political stability • Where did it spread? • How did industrialization look in Russia and Japan?

31. 1750 – 1914Industrialization – Impacts • Created a gap between societies • Increased need for natural resources • was a reason for imperialism • led to the dependence on cash crops among non-industrialized regions • Global transportation developed to support the trade in manufactured goods and raw materials • Railroads • New sea lanes – Suez and Panama Canals • Environmental Impacts • Land use and urbanization

32. 1750 – 1914Industrialization - Impacts • Social Impacts • Urbanization • Gender “equality” ????? • Social Classes • Labor systems • Immigration • Political responses • Reform • Isms!

33. 1750 – 1914Political Change • Sources of change: • Enlightenment Ideas • Those darn bourgeoisie • Revolutions! • American • French • Haitian • Latin America • (later) China • (and Russia is getting ready!)

35. 1750 – 1914Revolutions • What makes the American and French Revolutions different? • What makes the Haitian Revolution different? • What are some of the reasons revolution spread to Latin America? • How did the conservative reaction to revolution impact Europe? (Congress of Vienna)

36. 1750 – 1914Revolution - Impacts • What made the outcomes of the independence movements in North America so different from the independence movements in South America? • Political • Economic

37. 1750 – 1914Revolution - Limitations • Women’s Rights • Racial Equality? • Social Equality?

38. 1750 – 1914Nationalism! • What makes a nation different from previous types of political entities? • How did nationalism create changes? • France • Italy • Germany

40. 1750 – 1914What’s going on in those old empires? • The Russian Empire • Catherine the Great the “Enlightened Despot” • Industrialization(?), Crimean War and Reform • Marxism • The “Sickly” Ottoman Empire • Economic issues • Janissaries • Young Turks • Austria-Hungary? • The Qing • From Kangxi to Opium – How did it happen?

41. 1750 – 1914Imperialism • How did imperialism change over time in Africa? • Slave trade • “legitimate” trade • The Scramble • How did imperialism change over time in South Asia? • The declining Mughal Empire • Company Rule (to 1857) • Direct Rule (to 1947) • Nationalism and the Indian National Congress

44. The Sun Never Sets

45. 1750 – 1914Imperialism • Economic Imperialism in China • Opium Wars and Unequal Treaties • Response: Taiping and Boxer Rebellions • Economic Imperialism in Latin America • Japanese – Avoiding Imperialism • The Meiji Restoration • The U.S. joins the fun.

46. 19th Century Drug Lords

47. The New Japan

48. New Revolutions (Getting into the Next Time Period) • Mexico – Radical Start with a Moderate Finish • Russia – Radical – Moderate – Radical • China – Moderate Start with a Radical Finish

49. Pancho Villa Alvaro Obregon

50. Sun Yat-sen Mao Zedong