I Will Fight No More Forever

1. I Will Fight No More Forever Project By: D Atwood, A Fausto, and L Navarro

2. Thesis or Claim • Chief Joseph of the Nez Percé tribe voices his views towards to constant quarrels among his people and the U.S. Army. • He speaks of his people’s incessant struggles to survive among the violence. • The chief finally announces his resignation to fighting and his hope to reunite any remaining members of his tribe.

3. Tone or Attitude • The chief gives off a resigned attitude and pessimist image on the circumstances he and his people are in. • “My people, some of them, have run away to the hills and have no blankets, no food.” • His way of speaking and his direct language make it clear as to his desire to surrender. • “I am tired of fighting.”

4. Purpose • Address the tribes • State his view of fighting • End the fighting • Prevent more deaths • “Our chiefs are killed.” • “The old men are all dead.” • “My people, some of them, have run away to the hills… no one knows where they are—perhaps freezing to death.” • Stop the suffering of his people

5. Audience and Occasion • Speaking to his people (Tribe) • General Howard • “Tell General Howard I know his heart.” • To past chiefs that have died • “Hear me, my chiefs.” • During a time of war with the United States

6. Evidence or Data • “The Nez Percé had signed a treaty in 1863 giving the government control of the tribe’s land,” (p.594). • Chief Joseph refused to recognize the treaty. • U.S. wanted to move the tribe from Oregon to Idaho. • 1877 war started between tribe and U.S. • “On October 5, after defeat in a battle in the Bear Paw Mountains of Montana, Chief Joseph finally surrendered,” (p.594). • The Nez Percé ended up being sent to a territory in Oklahoma.

7. Appeals Ethos: • By the author being the chief of the tribe there is more attention paid to what he says • He might be taken more seriously and/or given more of a response because he is the leader Logos: • “I Will Fight No More Forever” itself had less appeal to facts and documents, but it did contain decisions by logic • Simply, one example would be the chief’s reasoning for ending the war; he saw that his people were suffering, so he decided he wanted to stop it Pathos: • The chief is seen in a more compassionate light when he refers to his “children” because he does not literally mean his offspring, but those in his tribe • By appealing to emotions, readers sympathize with the chief and his people’s struggles

8. Assumptions or Warrants • If he stops the fight with the whites he will get to see his children once again. • But maybe he might be pretending, so that the whites can win and he can get something out of it. • He might think that if the war doesn’t stop then all the Indians will die and be no more.

9. Style Rhetorical modes • It makes us want to feel sorry for him because he wants the war to end. • He hasn’t seen any of his children. • He is a good person. Devices • Allegory: describing how Indians life was and how Chief Joseph didn’t like the fight with the whites. • Short story: it is a brief summary of why Chief Joseph doesn't want to fight any more. Diction • He uses very descriptive words to describe how he feels. Syntax • He uses short sentences it makes them stronger. • Easy language anyone can understand.

10. Works Cited • Stifler, Bill. "Rhetorical Modes." Rhetorical Modes. 2002. Mar 2007 <http://users.cdc.net/~stifler/en110/modes.html>. • Braiman, Jay. "Literary Devices." Literary Devices. 2006. Mar 2007 <http://mrbraiman.home.att.net/lit.htm>. • "Glossary of Literary Terms." All American: Glossary of Literary Terms. Mar 2007 <http://www.uncp.edu/home/canada/work/allam/general/glossary.htm>. • Crewell, Dustin. "The Art of Rhetoric: Ethos, Logos, and Pathos." The Art of Rhetoric:Ethos, Logos, and Pathos. 2006. Mar 2007 <http://www.rpi.edu/dept/llc/webclass/web/project1/group4>. • The American Experience: California Edition (Prentice Hall Literature Timeless Voices, Timeless Themes). California Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall, April 2002.

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