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Establishing Monitoring Networks in Karst Terrain

Establishing Monitoring Networks in Karst Terrain. Components of Water-Level Monitoring Program. Site selection for observation wells Frequency of water-level measurements needed for purpose Implementation of quality-assurance Establishment of data-reporting and archival process.

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Establishing Monitoring Networks in Karst Terrain

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  1. Establishing Monitoring Networks in Karst Terrain

  2. Components of Water-Level Monitoring Program • Site selection for observation wells • Frequency of water-level measurements needed for purpose • Implementation of quality-assurance • Establishment of data-reporting and archival process

  3. Site SelectionWhy Monitor Water Resource? • To establish baseline to measure against future change • To measure variability over time • To quantify water availability over time and over a range of climatic conditions • To incorporate into land-use planning, engineering design • For early-warning (drought) systems

  4. Time period for meaningful data Typically, collection of water-level data over one or more decades is required to compile a hydrologic record that encompasses the potential range of water-level fluctuations in an observation well and to track trends with time. Taylor and Alley, 2001, USGS Circular 1217

  5. What is the geographic range served by the monitoring network? • Site-specific • Local • Regional • National

  6. LOCAL Jefferson and Berkeley Counties, WV

  7. Percentage of Population Served by Private Wells • Jefferson County 58% • Berkeley County 35%

  8. Public Water Supply Dependency on Ground Water • Jefferson County 86 % • Berkeley County 60%

  9. Functions of ground-water system Local , intermediate, and regional flow systems

  10. Rocks and Water Primary openings Well-sorted sand Poorly-sorted sand Porous material Secondary openings Fractures in Caverns in Granite Limestone Fractured rock

  11. Recharge GW Discharge GW RECHARGE = GW DISCHARGE

  12. Carbonate Rocks of Valley & Ridge

  13. Locally, was the drought of 2001-2002 the worst on record?

  14. Need for baseline data to measure against future change • Natural variability occurs on a variety of time scales: daily, monthly, decadal, or longer • Human activities can modify those trends at any of those temporal scales

  15. WATER-LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS CAUSED BY ET FROM GROUND WATER 8AM DEPTH TO WATER IN FEET 9PM 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

  16. Well Hydrograph Showing Climatic Effects

  17. http://groundwaterwatch.usgs.gov/StateMaps/WV.html

  18. Regional ICPRB network at http://www.potomacriver.org/water_supply/groundwater.htm

  19. National USGS national network at http://groundwaterwatch.usgs.gov/

  20. Summary • Ground-water monitoring networks should be designed for intended purpose • Data should be quality-assured and archived for future use • Continuous-data record of at least a decade provides best information • Real-time transmission combined with historical record can give drought status

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