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Lecture on:. Frames. FRAMES VERSUS TABLES. Frames allow part of the page, usually a navigation bar, to stay put. The Requirements to Create Frames. A FRAMESET html document to create the overall layout HTML documents to fill the areas implied in the frameset document.
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Lecture on: Frames
FRAMES VERSUS TABLES Frames allow part of the page, usually a navigation bar, to stay put
The Requirements to Create Frames A FRAMESET html document to create the overall layout HTML documents to fill the areas implied in the frameset document
Implication of frame structure A document rendered by FRAMESET displays several web pages at once FRAMESET replaces the BODY tag in your html file
An Annotated Example <HTML> <HEAD> You aren’t putting any text above the frame </HEAD> <FRAMESET> This sets up your structure <FRAME SRC=“topdoc.html”>in this frame the FIRST time the page is loaded <FRAME SRC=“bottomdoc.html”Ditto </FRAMESET> note thatFrameset is a container element </HTML>…by default, the screen will split equally between your documents
FRAMESET Attributes ROWS= COLUMNS= BORDER= BORDERCOLOR=
ROWS AND COLUMNS Use ROWS= COLUMNS= if you don’t want screen split evenly - pixels or percentages - * -- lets HTML compute what’s left
BORDERS BORDER= (between pages on screen) in pixels defaults to 5 BORDERCOLOR (of frames) defaults to gray on most browsers
FRAME Attributes SRC= NAME= MARGINWIDTH= MARGINHEIGHT=
SRC SRC= where to get the html page to fill this frame If you don’t put SRC, the frame will be created but left blank
NAME Goes within the FRAME element NAME=“framename” By naming your frames, you make it possible to open links in them from any document anyplace on the screen
A more complex FRAMESET Example <FRAMESET COLS=“20% ,80%”> splits page vertically <FRAMESET ROWS=“15%,* >splits the 20% horizontally <FRAME SRC=“logo.gif”> logo in the top 15% <FRAME SRC=“nav.gif” name=“menu”> nav in the bottom 85% ; also names the frame so I can open links in it from elsewhere <FRAMESET ROWS=“*” the 80% is all one row <FRAME SRC=“pagebody.html name=“main”> this fills the right side </FRAMESET>
TARGET used with Frames Links within documents open in the current window To override this, use TARGET An example: Among my hobbies are <A HREF=“porkers.html” TARGET=“main”> pigs </A>, <AHREF=“peeps.html” TARGET=“main”> chickens </A>……
TARGET Reserves 4 Words _BLANK loads the page into a new browser window _SELF loads the page into the current window. _PARENT loads the page into the frame next up from the frame the link is in _TOP loads the page into the full browser window.
Hint If you misspell the target the browser will create a new window for your link INSTEAD OF loading it in the current page
Minor FRAME Elements MARGINWIDTH= MARGINHEIGHT= SCROLLING=
Padding within Frames MARGINWIDTH= pads frames side to side MARGINHEIGHT= pads frames top to bottom Both expressed in pixels
The Scroll Bar SCROLLING=“auto” is the default; creates a scrollbar if page is longer than frame SCROLLING=“yes” creates a bar all the time SCROLLING=“no” suppresses the bar
Two Disadvantages of Frames • The bookmark is fixed to the controlling FRAMESET document so you can’t bookmark the contents of the frames. • Not every browser is frames-capable
The Frames-Incapable 1. Browsers older than Explorer 3.0 Navigator 2.0 2. Screen resolutions of less than 640 by 480 pixels
Provide an Alternative for those Browsers Before FRAMESET, code <NOFRAMES> <BODY> What you want them to see instead…. </BODY> </NOFRAMES>