Community Development Process 2 How do we get there?

1. Community DevelopmentProcess 2 How do we get there?

2. Starter Questions: Evaluate Results + Analyze community problems + Implement projects + Celebrate + Make a Plan + Model & Build relationships + Create a community vision + Leader Training • Arrange the following 8 steps into what you think is a good process for community development. (Do not look at rest of workbook)

3. Community Transformation Cycle Key Concept: Community Is leading each step Community Transformation Cycle Key Question Where does Appropriate Technology Design fit?

4. Most communities do not start healthy, therefore a change process is necessary. Churches Leaders Community Transformation Cycle VOC L F Families Beginning Follow- up End

5. What is main role of a community development worker? Be a model Facilitate Community Transformation Cycle Facilitate = Remove obstacles

6. Jesus facilitated with questions . . . Is he asking you one of these questions today? Mark 4:40Why are you so afraid? Mark 8:5How many loaves do YOU have? Mark 8:27,29Who do people say I am?, Who do you say I am? Mark 8:36What good is it for a man to gain the whole world, yet forfeit his soul? Mark 9:16What are you arguing about? Mark 10:36What do you want me to do for you? Mark 12:24Are you not in error because you do not know the Scriptures or the power of God? And many more . . . (Count the number of questions in Mark 8)

7. Community Transformation Cycles over time Community Capacity Outsider facilitation Larger, Complex Projects Phase 3 Physical exit, but keep relationship Phase I Entry Phase 2 Medium Projects Simple project with local resources Equip local leaders Adapted from Jeffrey Palmer, Kingdom Communities, p. 59 TIME and PARTICIPATION

8. Traditional strategies often does the opposite! Community Capacity Outsider facilitation Larger, Complex Projects Phase 3 Physical exit, but keep relationship Phase I Entry Phase 2 Medium Projects Simple Equip local leaders Adapted from Jeffrey Palmer, Kingdom Communities, p. 59 TIME and PARTICIPATION

9. General Principles for Community Transformation(If you do these five, you will do well!) Hear and obeyGod continuously. Be incarnational workers (living models) Do not do for the community that they can do for themselves. Otherwise it can be like a bribe. Keep plans community-led and unified. Use appropriate people, ideas, technologies, and resources.

10. Appropriate = “Fit for the Purpose” • Appropriate people: • Right character • Right skills • Incarnational • Appropriate ideas: • Agrees with Biblical truth • Agrees with VOCAppropriate resources: • Right amount (small at first) • Right timing (local at first) • Right source (doesn’t stop VOC) Appropriate Technology • Meets felt needs, • Is financially advantageous, • Can see success quickly, • Fits local patterns and culturally acceptable • Deals with limiting factor, • Utilizes local resources, • Relatively free of risk, • Labor intensive (not capital intensive), • Simple to understand and teach • Market is available, • Arouses enthusiasm , • Doesn’t damage environment. (Summarized from Two Ears of Corn, Roland Bunch, World Neighbors)

11. Step 1: Modeling and Relationship Building General Principles We need to be models of what we want to see changed in a community. We need to be sensitive to local customs and standards of living, not appear like rich outsider. Ways to build relationships can include meals, games, sports, working together, etc. We should not immediately start new projects or spending money.

12. The Canaan Way: Change Me First Development is Inside out Programs often go in Opposite direction Blessed Person Blessed Neighbor hood Blessed Work Place Blessed Family Blessed Nation

13. Step 1 Tool: Community Participation List

14. Step 2: Leadership TrainingGeneral Principles Develop leaders at beginning, not end, so it is “their” project and they do each step. Develop multiple leaders, not just one. Short training with application experiences is better than long training seminars. Quickly use “local people” to teach “local people”. Training is not a one-time event, but continuous.

15. Step 3: Situation AnalysisGeneral Principles When analyzing current situation, we must look at assets (positive aspects), not just problems in a community. We must look at the underlying root causes of problems (mindset), not just technology. We should get participation from all parts of a community, not just powerful or talkative people. We should look at wholistic situation of the community, not just physical or just spiritual.

16. Step 3 Tool: Current Situation Analysis Sample

17. WORLDVIEW is… The assumptions, held consciously or unconsciously, that shape reality, beliefs and behaviors The importance of Mindset

18. Case Study: Arturo’s Story Arturo was a community facilitator amongst Ixil Indians in Guatemala. The Indians lost much of their crops to the rats each year. Arturo asked why they had never done anything to stop the rats. The leaders said “the rats have always been here. Its always been this way since our ancestors.” After a pause, Arturo said, “I have question for you . . . Who has the biggest brain, you or the rats?” After some nervous laughter, the leaders responded “we do” and began to make a technological solution with their own resources. What does this story illustrate?

19. Fruit = Consequences Branches = Behaviors Trunk = Values Roots = Beliefs Soil = Worldview Ideas Have Consequences! This slide is courtesy of Disciple Nations Alliance (www.disciplenations.org)

20. A Biblical WorldView God & His Kingdom God and His Kingdom reign God’s Kingdom & creation are connected Creation This slide adapted from Disciple Nations Alliance (www.disciplenations.org)

21. A Secular Worldview ? Universe This slide is courtesy of Disciple Nations Alliance (www.disciplenations.org)

22. An Animistic Worldview gods, demons, ancestors The Physical Realm This slide is courtesy of Disciple Nations Alliance (www.disciplenations.org)

23. So What? . . . Ideas have Consequences Why? Why?

24. Reflection Exercise: Analyzea project you would like to work on. 3. Why? 2. Why? What is Biblical truth about the Deeper Cause?

25. Step 4: Future Vision CreationGeneral Principles The community should discover God’s vision for its community, not our vision. A vision is something you can see. Pictures, songs, stories (parables) are good tools to communicate about vision. The Vision should include all aspects of: Churches, Leaders, and Families. Technologies should fit into the bigger vision.

26. Step 4 Tool: Before Picture of Community Drawing by Kelly Shehan

27. Step 4 Tool: After Picture of Community (VOC) Drawing by Kelly Shehan

28. Step 5: Community PlanningGeneral Principles Plans should meet the community’s felt needs. Plans should address root(deeper) causes. Everyone in a community should have a voice in the plan, not just powerful or rich people. Plans should start with small, do-able projects first, and use appropriate technology. Plans should not create dependence on the outside for expertise and resources.

29. Step 5 Tool: Weighting Tool for PrioritizingCan also use numbers (1-10) or Level (High/Medium/Low) for ranking. Adapted from Jeffrey Palmer, Kingdom Communities, p. 110

30. Step 5 Tool: Budget * Important to identify what community can provide

31. Step 6: Community Implementation General Principles Involve local churches, leaders, and families working together in implementation. Implementation should have a clear action plan that everyone understands and can see. A community should NOT watch outsiders (like work team) do the project. A community should NOT be forced to follow our organization’s time-line.

32. Step 6 Tool: Community Action Plan

33. Step 7: Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)General Principles Monitoring is frequent and focuses on activities, Evaluation usually is annual and focuses on impact Indicators and monitoring must be simple so that the community can monitor themselves. Choose indicators that a community can see visibly (like increased production). Indicators should not forget the essence: Kingdom of God, changed lives and VOC. M&E results should be communicated to everyone and used to adjust future plans.

34. Step 7 Tool: Simple Community Evaluation

35. Step 8: CelebrationGeneral Principles Ideally, Celebration should be for what God has done - God’s glory. Celebrations should be the community’s celebration – not ours or our name. Celebration should include everyone.

36. Final Quotes: Do you agree? A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves." -Lao Tzu  Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach him how to fish and you feed him for a lifetime." -Lao Tzu  “Nevertheless, I tell you the truth: it is to your advantage that I go away . . . - Jesus “He must increase, but I must decrease. - John