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 starter activity

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  1. Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911), a first cousin of Charles Darwin, was an English social scientist who conducted extensive statistical studies of heredity in humans, and coined the term eugenics. He was also a key influence on the criminological development of biometric techniques, including fingerprinting. He is most renowned for his use of photography to help to identify of medical and criminological types. How did Dalton’s work help to track down crime? What was the danger of his work? starter activity

  2. Key words: eugenics What new types of crime were committed at this time?  Learning objectives TBAT explain how crime changed in the industrial age TBAT explain how Victorians categorised crime and assess usefulness of such categories

  3. Henry Mayhew (1812-1887), journalist, social reformer, made an extensive study of the poverty in London in ‘The London Labour and the London Poor’ (1851). Study the categories of criminals he identified. Highlight those which arose due to industrialisation. What are the problems with his system of categorisation?

  4.  Your task • Read Whiting p.109-112 and note down examples of new crimes that emerged as a result of industrialisation • Note down ways in which industrialisation helped to reduce crime

  5.  Your task Read Tobias, p.59-62 and note down examples of people in the C19th attempting to categorise different crimes and criminals. Read p.63-5 and note down problems with categorising criminality.

  6.  Extension task • Produce a factoid on Henry Mayhew. Examine these areas: • His background • London Labour and the London Poor • The impact of his work

  7.  Homework • Read Clive Emsley ,‘Victorian Crime’ in History Review (1998) and take note on these areas: • Problems with criminal statistics • Why Victorians were concerned about crime • Emsley’s assessment of the ‘reality’ of Victorian crime • Read ‘Victor Bailey, ‘Crime in the Twentieth Century’ (1988) and take notes on these areas: • Evidence of a crime wave in the C20th • Reasons for growth in crime • Types of crimes on the increase • Problems with recent statistics • http://www.historytoday.com/clive-emsley/victorian-crime • http://www.historytoday.com/victor-bailey/crime-20th-century-britain

  8.  Plenary • How did crime change in the industrial age? • How did Victorians categorise crime? • How useful were such categories? • Which texts have you found most useful in answering today’s LOs?

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