1 / 18

Chapter 2 Section 3 Internal Forces Shaping the Earth

Explore the dynamic movements of tectonic plates, seismic events like earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions shaping our planet. Learn about divergent, convergent, and transform boundaries affecting the Earth's surface. Discover the impact of internal forces and external processes like weathering and erosion.

candij
Download Presentation

Chapter 2 Section 3 Internal Forces Shaping the Earth

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 2 Section 3Internal Forces Shaping the Earth • Plate Tectonics • Earth’s surface made up of tectonic plates • Theory Continental Drift: 1 Super continent Pangaea pulled apart • Plate movement works four different ways

  2. PLATE MOVEMENT & BOUNDARIES • Divergent boundaries – Hot magma rises up & plates move apart (Spread Horizontally) • Example: Saudi Arabia & Egypt are part of Great Rift Valley, crust is pulling apart Red Sea is becoming wider and wider

  3. PLATE MOVEMENT & BOUNDARIES Convergent Subduction: Oceanic plate & continental plates crash one is forced under causes volcanic zones Convergent Collision: Two continental plates collide, plate buckle & fold ; forms mountain ridges Example: Himalaya Mountains caused by India plate colliding into Asian continent

  4. PLATE MOVEMENT & BOUNDARIES Transform Plate – plates slide past one another faults/fractures appear on crust; earthquakes happen along the boundaries. *Does not create new landforms

  5. Earthquakes! • Caused by transform faults - Measured by a seismograph

  6. Chapter 2 Section 3 Internal Forces Shaping the Earth • Epicenter: focal point of earthquake, 95% in a fault zones - Earthquakes trigger landslides, fires, collapsed buildings, aftershocks, human loss & Tsunamis

  7. Chapter 2 Section 3 Internal Forces Shaping the Earth • Measured on the Richter Scale, uses numbers from 1 to 10 to represent energy released

  8. - Earthquakes in the Pacific Ocean often lead to tsunamis, 50 to 100 ft. tall waves that can travel up to 450 mph

  9. Volcanoes! • Caused by convergent faults and subduction - Thinner plate is pushed under thicker plate, hits the mantle and melts, rises up as lava (called magma when underground)

  10. Chapter 2 Section 3 Internal Forces Shaping the Earth • Volcanic eruptions are not predictable; remain inactive for a long time, then suddenly become active

  11. Chapter 2 Section 3 Internal Forces Shaping the Earth • Largest concentration of volcanoes found around the RING OF FIRE on the margins of the Pacific Ocean • Eight major plates meet in this area

  12. Chapter 2 Section 3 Internal Forces Shaping the Earth - Volcanoes also found over hot spots, areas not on plate boundaries where the plate is thin and magma rises up and reaches the surface (Example – Hawaiian Islands)

  13. World Geography Chapter 2 Section 4

  14. External Forces Shaping the Earth Weathering – Processes that break down rock into sand, silt or sediment - Mechanical weathering – the physical breakup of rock by frost wedging or roots

  15. Chapter 2 Section 4 External Forces Shaping the Earth • Chemical weathering – rock is dissolved as a result of chemical breakdown Examples: acid rain and rust

  16. Chapter 2 Section 4 External Forces Shaping the Earth Erosion – occurs when material is moved by the wind, water, ice, or gravity • Water causes abrasion as it washes past and causes rocks to collide • Wind erosion works the same way - Glaciers cause lots of erosion through glaciation as they move down from mountains

  17. Any Questions ????? ????? ?????

More Related