1 / 16

Chapter 8, part A

Chapter 8, part A. Microbial Genetics. Terminology. Genetics Study of what genes are, how they carry information, how information is expressed, and how genes are replicated Gene Segment of DNA that encodes a functional product, usually a protein. Terminology.

candra
Download Presentation

Chapter 8, part A

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 8, part A Microbial Genetics

  2. Terminology • Genetics Study of what genes are, how they carry information, how information is expressed, and how genes are replicated • Gene Segment of DNA that encodes a functional product, usually a protein

  3. Terminology • Genome All of the genetic material in a cell • Genomics Molecular study of genomes • Genotype Genes of an organism • Phenotype Expression of the genes

  4. E. coli Figure 8.1a

  5. Flow of Genetic Information Figure 8.2

  6. DNA • Polymer of nucleotides: adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine • Double helix associated with proteins • "Backbone" is deoxyribose-phosphate • Strands held together by hydrogen bonds between AT and CG • Strands are antiparallel Figure 8.4

  7. DNA Figure 8.3

  8. DNA Figure 8.5

  9. DNA • DNA is copied by DNA polymerase • In the 5 3 direction • Initiated by an RNA primer • Leading strand synthesized continuously • Lagging strand synthesized discontinuously • Okazaki fragments • RNA primers are removed and Okazaki fragments joined by a DNA polymerase and DNA ligase • See web sites • http://bioteach.ubc.ca/TeachingResources/MolecularBiology/DNAReplication.swf • http://www.ncc.gmu.edu/dna/repanim.htm • http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/3250_DNA_replication_&_transcription.htm • http://www.nobel.se/medicine/educational/dna/a/replication/replication_ani.html • http://www.nobel.se/medicine/educational/dna/a/replication/lagging_ani.html

  10. DNA Figure 8.6

  11. DNA • DNA replication is semiconservative Figure 8.7

  12. Transcription • DNA is transcribed to make RNA (mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA) • Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds to the promotor sequence • Transcription proceeds in the 5 3 direction • Transcription stops when it reaches theterminator sequence • Web sites: • http://www.nobel.se/medicine/educational/dna/b/transcription/

  13. Figure 8.8

  14. RNA processing in Eukaryotes Figure 8.12

  15. Translation • mRNA is translated in codons (3 nucleotides) • Translation of mRNA begins at the start codon: AUG • Translation ends at a STOP codon: UAA, UAG, UGA Figure 8.2

  16. Translation Figure 8.9

More Related