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The Anglo-Saxon Era 449 - 1066. Glory in Battle. Celts & Britons – original inhabitants 449 – Angles, Saxons & Jutes settled in England from North; Danes invaded later (Germanic) Pagan – worshipped Germanic gods and fate Romans ïƒ Christianity ïƒ books
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The Anglo-Saxon Era449 - 1066 Glory in Battle
Celts & Britons – original inhabitants 449 – Angles, Saxons & Jutes settled in England from North; Danes invaded later (Germanic) Pagan – worshipped Germanic gods and fate Romans Christianity books Oral tradition recorded by Christian monks Characteristics of poetry: Subjects: Glory, battle, treasure, ocean travel, Fate Tone: Heroic, tragic, bellicose Form: Narrative, alliterative poetry (not rhyming) Kenning – 2 words in place of 1 (whale-road, life house) The Anglo-Saxon Era449 - 1066
Anglo-Saxon Literature http:// The Book of Kells faculty.virginia.edu/OldEnglish/Beowulf.Readings/wave/beo03p.wav
The Medieval Period The Age of Chivalry
The Medieval Period1066 - 1485 • 1066 – Norman Conquest: William the Conquerer brought French language, customs (chivalry) and government (feudalism) • Feudalism = 3 classes: nobility, clergy, peasantry; religion dominated • Legends – King Arthur and Robin Hood • 1348-49 – Plague killed 1/3 European pop.
The Medieval Ballad • Form: Narrative poem; originated in oral tradition; often set to music, usually quatrains (abcb) • Subjects: Loyalty, Christianity, battle, chivalry (focus is on plot only) • Tone: Usually tragic, often supernatural, dutiful, heroic
The Renaissance1485 – 1660 Rebirth of Knowledge
The Renaissance1485 – 1660 • “Rebirth” of classical knowledge moved north from Italy • Tudor Dynasty – patrons of arts and sciences • Gutenburg and Caxton increased literacy • Reformation split church – Protestant / Catholic • Highly structured & stylized designs in art & lit. • Characteristics of poetry: • Form: Lyric poem, highly stylized – every syllable counts • Subject: Ideal love, classical allusions • Tone: Respectful, impassioned, dutiful
The Sonnet • Most popular form of poetry in Renaissance • Meter: Iambic Pentameter • Rhyme Scheme: • Petrarchan / Italian – first form: ABBA ABBA CDDC CC • Octet – First 8 lines, sets up the story • Sestet – Second 6 lines, tells feelings / actions / outcomes • Adapted by Shakespeare to form English sonnet: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG