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Mental Status Changes

Mental Status Changes. History. 52 y o female presented to the ED with mental status changes Bradycardia noted in ED. Chest Radiograph. Chest CT. History. Lifelong nonsmoker Maternal history of emphysema Smoker Chronic daily cough No hemoptysis SOB with exertion No toxic exposure.

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Mental Status Changes

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  1. Mental Status Changes

  2. History • 52 y o female presented to the ED with mental status changes • Bradycardia noted in ED

  3. Chest Radiograph

  4. Chest CT

  5. History • Lifelong nonsmoker • Maternal history of emphysema • Smoker • Chronic daily cough • No hemoptysis • SOB with exertion • No toxic exposure

  6. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) • Proliferation of pulmonary interstitial smooth muscle and cyst formation • Infiltration into lung parenchyma, lymphatics, airways and blood vessels • Lungs are large and diffusely cystic • Often misdiagnosed as asthma or COPD • Most common presenting symptoms: • Dyspnea • Pneumothorax Gross specimen demonstrating cystic changes

  7. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) • Progressive disease, no treatment is curative • Median survival is 8-10 years from time of diagnosis • Female predominance • Usually occurs during the reproductive years • Pregnancy and HRT accelerate the disease

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