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Exploring Wave Behaviour: Interference & Energy Levels

Dive into the concepts of constructive and destructive interference, energy levels in atoms, and atomic properties in this educational text. Learn through multiple-choice questions and answers.

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Exploring Wave Behaviour: Interference & Energy Levels

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  1. Low frequency High frequency

  2. Constructive interference Destructive interference

  3. -- Questions -- MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

  4. 1) Compared to the wavelengths of visible light, the wavelengths of matter waves are relatively • small. • B) large. • 2) When Rutherford had a stream of alpha particles hit a gold foil, most of the particles • bounced back. • B) stopped. • C) spiraled. • D) went almost straight through.

  5. 3) An excited hydrogen atom is capable of emitting radiation of • A) a single frequency. • B) many more than 3 frequencies. • C) 3 frequencies. • 4) In the Bohr model of hydrogen, discrete radii and energy states result when an electron circles the atom in an integral number of • de Broglie wavelengths. • B) wave frequencies. • C) diffraction patterns. • D) none of these.

  6. 5) A uranium atom is 238 times as massive as a hydrogen atom. The diameter of a uranium atom is the diameter of a hydrogen atom times about • 10. • 100. • 30. • 3. • E) 238. • 6) A beam of electrons has • particle properties. • B) wave properties. • C) both of these. • D) neither of these.

  7. 7) Alpha particles are repelled by atomic nuclei because • A) they both have the same sign of electric charge. • B) of the repelling interaction between an alpha particle and the atomic nucleus. • C) closeness of each to each other is not permitted. • D) the force between the alpha particle and the atomic nucleus is opposite to an attractive force. • E) none of these. • 8) The discreteness of energy levels is better understood by considering the electrons to be • A) attached to the nucleus by massless springs. • B) much less massive than the nucleus. • C) like tiny planets orbiting a sun. • D) all of these. • E) none of these.

  8. 9) The Bohr model of the atom is akin to a • A) central heavy ball with lighter balls connected by springs. • B) blob of plum pudding, where raisins represent atomic nuclei. • C) miniature solar system. • D) all of these. • 10) The Schroedinger equation is restricted to • A) submicroscopic particles. • B) macroscopic particles. • C) submicroscopic and microscopic particles. • D) none of these.

  9. 11) Compared to the diameter of a zirconium atom (A = 40), the diameter of a mercury atom (A = 80) is approximately • A) four times as large. • B) twice as large. • C) the same size. • D) one half as large. • E) one quarter as large. • 12) A new theory conforms to the correspondence principle when it • A) ties two or more theories together. • B) corresponds to all theories in nature. • C) updates the essence of the old theory. • D) accounts for verified results of the old theory. • E) none of these.

  10. 13) Most alpha particles fired at a gold foil pass through undeflected because the • A) atoms of gold, like any others, are mostly empty space. • B) electric field is zero inside the gold. • C) net charge of the gold atoms is zero. • D) gold atoms, unlike most other metal atoms, are relatively far apart. • E) none of these. • 14) Compared to the average diameter of a hydrogen atom, the average diameter of a helium atom is • about the same. • larger. • C) smaller.

  11. 15) The correspondence principle applies to • A) theories of macroscopic phenomena. • B) theories of submicroscopic phenomena. • C) all good theories.

  12. -- Answers -- MULTIPLE CHOICE. The one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

  13. Chapter 32 1) Answer: A 2) Answer: D 3) Answer: B 4) Answer: A 5) Answer: D 6) Answer: C 7) Answer: A 8) Answer: E 9) Answer: C 10) Answer: D 11) Answer: C 12) Answer: D 13) Answer: A 14) Answer: C 15) Answer: C

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