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Air Pressure and Atmosphere

Chapter 12. Air Pressure and Atmosphere. Because air has mass, it also has density and pressure Pressure is a force pushing on an area or surface Air Pressure-is the result of a weight of a column of air pressing down on an area. Air Pressure. Measuring Air Pressure.

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Air Pressure and Atmosphere

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  1. Chapter 12 Air Pressure and Atmosphere

  2. Because air has mass, it also has density and pressure Pressure is a force pushing on an area or surface Air Pressure-is the result of a weight of a column of air pressing down on an area Air Pressure

  3. Measuring Air Pressure • Mercury Barometer-measures air pressure using a glass tube of mercury upside down in a dish of mercury. • The mercury moves up and down in the tube depending how much air is pressing down on the mercury in the dish.

  4. Measuring Air Pressure at Home • Aneroid Barometer-measures the air pressure through an airtight metal chamber • Aneroid means “no liquids” • The walls of the chamber push in (increase in air pressure) or bulge out (decrease in air pressure) when the air pressure changes.

  5. Altitude-distance above sea level As altitude increases air pressure decreases. This is because there is less weight pressing down on it. Also as altitude increases the density of the air decreases. This effects breathing as the oxygen molecules are more spread out at higher altitudes making it harder to breath. Altitude and Air Pressure

  6. Early atmosphere contained only nitrogen and carbon dioxide • 2 billion years ago organisms began to release oxygen into the air • Eventually the ozone was formed • Today the atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen Atmosphere

  7. (lowest layer) • Where weather occurs (clouds, rain, snow) • It contains 99% of the water vapor and 75% of the gases in the atmosphere Troposphere

  8. (2nd layer) • Contains the ozone • The ozone protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet rays released by the sun • This is the area where jet planes fly Stratosphere

  9. (3rd layer) • This is where shooting stars occur Mesosphere

  10. (4th layer) • This is the thickest layer of the atmosphere • This layer contains the ionosphere • Ionosphere allows the transmission of AM radio waves Thermosphere

  11. (5th layer) • This is where the space shuttle and some satellites orbit • One of the first layers to receive the sun’s rays Exosphere

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