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The Crime Picture – Chapter #2

The Crime Picture – Chapter #2. Criminal Justice Funnel. Value of data. 1. Analyze Evaluate 2. 3. 4. Uniform crime reports. http://ucr.psp.state.pa.us/UCR/Reporting/RptMain.asp. FBI – collects data Started _____ Only _____ crime Not mandatory Contains the crime index

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The Crime Picture – Chapter #2

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  1. The Crime Picture – Chapter #2

  2. Criminal Justice Funnel

  3. Value of data • 1. • Analyze • Evaluate • 2. • 3. • 4.

  4. Uniform crime reports http://ucr.psp.state.pa.us/UCR/Reporting/RptMain.asp

  5. FBI – collects data Started _____ Only _____ crime Not mandatory Contains the crime index C.I. = _____ divided by _____ population Crime Index Part #1 crimes: violent (murder, rape robbery, assault) & property crimes (burglary, theft & arson) Part #2 crimes: DUI, simple assault, vandalism, prostitution Uniform crime reports

  6. Crime rates Crime rate = _____ of crimes divided by _____ population

  7. Clearance rates Clearance rate = number of __________ divided by number of ___________

  8. Actual & projected rates of crime: 1950-2010)

  9. FBI crime clock: 2004

  10. UCR classifications of part #1 offenses Major crimes

  11. homicide • Includes murder & voluntary manslaughter • 1. _____ clearance rate • 2. peaks in _____ • 3. most common in _____ • 4. _____ at risk • 5. _____ actors • 6. most common with ________ • 7. most common is __________

  12. Multiple homicides • Spree:two or more people killed on more than one occasion over extended period of time • Mass:three or more people killed in a single event by an offender not seeking concealment of crime • Serial:several victims killed in three or moreseparate events and over time

  13. Forcible rape • Unconsented rape excludes: • 1. _____ victims • 2. • 3. _____ sex rapes • 4. other sexual offenses • One of the most underreported major crimes • Most are also acquaintance

  14. Theft by force Excludes: 1. pick pockets 2. purse snatching Rates per 100,000 1. urban: _____ 2. rural: _____ Profile _____ male 62% under age _____ 56% _____ Characteristics (percent) Highway (no force): Strong arm (force): Gun: Knife: Gun discharge: robbery

  15. Aggravated assault • Serious bodily injury • Excludes: simple assault • Summer: • Winter: • Weapons: (percent) • Blunt object: • Hands / feet: • Guns: • Knives:

  16. Burglary • Unlawful entry to commit a crime • Includes criminal trespass • _____ clearance rate: 12-15%

  17. Theft • Unlawful taking of another’s property • Includes: • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4. • _____ frequently reported • Severely underreported

  18. Identify theft Imposter obtains key pieces of information from a victim to obtain merchandise, credit or services

  19. Motor vehicle theft • Self-propelled vehicle that runs on land and not on rains • Includes: • Excludes: • Highly reported / low clearance: _____%

  20. Arson Burning of property with intent to defraud Low clearance: _____% Averages: $__________ in damages annually

  21. NIBRS: national incident based reporting system The new UCR Based on incidents not summary Replaces parts 1 & 2 crimes

  22. NIBRS

  23. NIBRS Also includes: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

  24. Collects data on: Bad checks Vagrancy Disorderly conduct DUI Public drunkenness Non-violent family offenses Alcohol related offenses Stalking Runaways Trespassing All other criminal violations NIBRS

  25. National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) Victim ______ reports Measures “__________” of crime Limited to:

  26. crimes known to the police all crime Dark figure of crime

  27. NCVS Household crimes highest for: Headed by _____ people Headed by _____ _____ or more members Headed by _____ Located in _____ area

  28. Crime topography A classification of crimes along a particular dimension such as but not limited to legal categories, victim behavior or the characteristics of individual offenders.

  29. More likely to be __________ More likely to be _____ More likely to make lifestyle changes as a result Expand anti-stalking laws _____% of victims are female Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) 1. extend rape _____ laws to civil cases 2. more federal funding for: a. education of law enforcement b. specialized services for female victims c. battered women shelters Women & crime

  30. Elderly crime victims More likely to be: Victims of _____ crime Be victimized by _____ Be victimized during the _____ Be _____ injured

  31. Hate crimes (ethnic intimidation – PA) Race: _____% Sexual orientation: _____% Ethnicity: _____% Gender: _____%

  32. Violation of a criminal statute by a corporate entity or its executives Actor: white-collar criminal Non-violent crime Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Created tough standards to deter and punish corporate & accounting fraud Also deter corruption Corporate / white-collar crime

  33. Organized crime Unlawful activities of members of a highly organized, disciplined association engaged in: RICO – Racketeer _____ _____ Organizations

  34. Guns / crimes / gun control • The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act • 1. _____ day waiting period • 2. instant criminal _____ check • 3. dealers must check photo ID • 4. acquire a unit ID # authorizing the purchase • Can’t control unlawfully obtained firearms

  35. Also includes the following crimes Drug crime Computer crime Terrorism Cyber-terrorism

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