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Physical Science

Physical Science. Ch. 17. Section 1. Composition of Matter. Composition of Matter. Substance An element or a compound Elements Substance with all the same atoms Compounds Substance with atoms from two or more elements. Mixtures. Heterogeneous Mixture

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Physical Science

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  1. Physical Science Ch. 17

  2. Section 1 Composition of Matter

  3. Composition of Matter • Substance • An element or a compound • Elements • Substance with all the same atoms • Compounds • Substance with atoms from two or more elements

  4. Mixtures • Heterogeneous Mixture • Where materials can easily be distinguished • Homogeneous Mixture • Contains 2 or more substances blended evenly throughout

  5. Solution • Homogeneous mixture where particles are so small they cant be seen with a microscope or filtered. • Colloid • Homogeneous mixture that never settles • Tyndall Effect • Scattering of light by a colloid • Suspension • Heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid where the particles settle out.

  6. Section 2 Properties of Matter

  7. Physical Properties • Characteristics of a material which can be observed without changing the material • Ex. include color, shape, size, melting point, & boiling point • Physical properties such as size and magnetism can be used to separate mixtures.

  8. Physical Properties • Appearance • physical description of a substance • Behavior • how a substance acts • Ex. magnetism, viscosity, ductility

  9. Physical change • Change in substance’s size, shape, or state of matter • A Substance does not change identity when it undergoes a physical change • Distillation • a process for separating a mixture by evaporating a liquid & condensing its vapor.

  10. Chemical property • Characteristics of a substance indicating that it can change chemically; • Ex. Flammability or light sensitivity of a substance

  11. Chemical Change • When one substance changes to another substance • Can be indicated by temperature change, bubble formation, or smell • Can occur very slowly such as the formation of rust. • Can be used to separate substances such as metals from their ores.

  12. Weathering of Earth’s surface involves both physical and chemical changes. • Physical changes • big rocks split into smaller ones; streams carry rock particles from one location to another • Chemical changes • can occur in rocks when calcium carbonate in limestone changes to calcium hydrogen carbonate due to acid rain.

  13. Law of Conservation of Mass • Mass of all substances present before a chemical change equals the mass of all substances after the change. • Mass can neither be created or destroyed it just changes forms

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