RUANG LINGKUP GEOLOGI

1. RUANG LINGKUP GEOLOGI • pengertian • cara mempelajari geologi • ilmu-ilmu terkait • sistem dalam geologi • profesi yang berhubungan dengan geologi

2. Pengertian • Geology: The study of the Earth as a whole, its origin, structure, composition, and history (including the development of life), and the nature of the processes which have given rise to its present state. Whitten, DGA and Brooks, JRV. 1977. The Penguin Dictionary of Geology. Middlesex: Penguin Books. p. 204. Pertanyaan: • Cari definisi lain dari buku-buku geologi berbahasa Inggris di Perpustakaan Pusat.

3. Cara mempelajari • Mengikuti pendidikan geologi • Loka dan wahana utama: • Perpustakaan termasuk internet • Laboratorium (studio) • Lapangan Perhatikan • Belum dikatakan belajar geologi sebelum ke lapangan, laboratorium dan perpustakaan!

4. Ilmu-ilmu terkait TEKNIKPERTAMBANGAN TEKNIKSIPIL TEKNOLOGI DLL INDUSTRIPARIWISATA TEKNIKPERMINYAKAN GEOLOGIBAHAN GALIAN GEOLOGIPANASBUMI DLL ILMU-ILMUTERAPAN GEOLOGIMINYAKBUMI GEOLOGITEKNIK GEOLOGILINGKUNGAN METEOROLOGI ILMU-ILMUDASARKEBUMIAN BIOLOGI GEOLOGI HIDROLOGI STATISTIKA ILMU-ILMUDASAR FISIKA KIMIA MATEMATIKA

5. Ilmu-ilmu antara ARKEOLOGI GEOARKEOLOGI GEOLOGI DLL GEOWISATA GEOFISIKA WISATA FISIKA GEOKIMIA PALEONTOLOGI KIMIA BIOLOGI GEOHIDROLOGI GEOSTATISTIKA HIDROLOGI STATISTIKA Pertanyaan: • Mengapa muncul ilmu-ilmu antara?

6. Cabang-cabang geologi GEOLOGI GEOMORFOLOGI PALEONTOLOGI MINERALOGI GEOLOGISTRUKTUR PETROLOGI TEKTONIKA STRATIGRAFI VOLKANOLOGI GEOLOGISEJARAH DLL SPELEOLOGI LIMNOLOGI Pertanyaan: • Mengapa cabang-cabang geologi juga banyak?

7. RUANG LINGKUP GEOLOGI • pengertian • cara mempelajari geologi • ilmu-ilmu terkait • sistem dalam geologi • profesi yang berhubungan dengan geologi

8. I WONDER • There are many diversifications in the world, but they have been being maintained in a single magnificent system and under dynamic equilibrium. Bambang Prastistho

9. Our previous earth

11. ATMOSPHERE BIOSPHERE HIDROSPHERE GEOSPHERE

12. RUANG LINGKUP GEOLOGI • pengertian • cara mempelajari geologi • ilmu-ilmu terkait • sistem dalam geologi • profesi yang berhubungan dengan geologi

13. Why Study Geology?Because geology is all around us. • 1. Geological Resources • 2. “The Environment” • 3. Geological Hazards (Changes posing risks) • 4. Engineering • 5. Landforms and Surface Processes • 6. Historical Geology Environmental Geology Geology forms the basis of our great civilizations

14. The Cradle of CivilizationSprung from geology of the region Tigris River, Iraq http://encarta.msn.com/

15. Why Study Geology? 1. Geological Resources • The Cradle of Civilization (Fertile Crescent) • Development limited by availability, e.g., soil, water, energy • Conflicts based on resources, e.g., water, minerals, oil… http://encarta.msn.com/

16. Misuse of Resources 2. The Environment These Maps illustrate the Fertile Crescent in 1973 (top) and 2000 (bottom). Permanent marshlands, pictured in green, have shrunk 90 percent in that period. Illustration courtesy United Nations Environment Program

17. Misuse of Geologic ResourcesDesiccation of the Aral Sea, Kazakhstan 2. The Environment http://www.grida.no/aral/aralsea/english/arsea/arsea.htm

18. Overuse of Geologic Resources 2. The Environment(Geology in the News) • 1.7 billion are joining the consumer class and the environment won’t sustain this standard of living (Worldwatch Institute 2004) • Emissions of Greenhouse gasses is accelerating global warming • Climate change is accelerating melting of glaciers and driving mass extinctions (The Centre of Biodiversity and Conservation, Leeds University, UK)

19. Geology in the News http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003 San Andreas Fault • Two die in 6.5 magnitude Earthquake near San Lois Obispo California • Earthquake triggers mudslides 3. Geologic Hazards

20. Assessing Risk “Major Quake Likely to Strike San Francisco Bay Region Between 2003 and 2032” 3. Geologic Hazards • Assessing Risks • Avoiding Risks • Preventing Damage • Predicting Impact http://quake.wr.usgs.gov/research/seismology/wg02/

21. EarthquakeBam, Iran Photos from AP • A Magnitude 6.5 Earthquake hits a stone- and mud-house city of 100,000 in Iran 12-26-03 • 30,000 Dead • 30,000 Refugees • US sends aid and releases sanctions • Relations improved

22. 3. Geological Hazards Volcanoes Landslides Earthquakes

23. 4. Geology in Engineering Slope Failure Risk Assessment and Control To prevent slope failure engineers must understand the geology that forms and controls the slope

24. Geology in Engineering Committee member John Burland, an engineer, promoted soil extraction as the best way to save the tower. Engineers use knowledge of geology to design, protect and correct structures www.smithsonianmag.si.edu

25. 5. Landforms and Surface Processes H.C. Berann (1915-1999) Yosemite National Park, 1987 • Glaciers • Mass Wasting • Streams • Shorelines • Deserts • Groundwater http://www.berann.com

26. Sub DisciplinesAreas of Study Which Rely on Geology • Environmental Geology • Environmental Sciences: how we influence the earth • Geologic Hazards: how geology influences us • Engineering Geology • Geologic Materials • Foundations • Geotechnical engineering

27. Sub Disciplines(cont.) • Geological Resources • Locating and characterizing amounts and quality • Extracting and • Understanding environmental effects of extraction and use (misuse, overuse) of resources • Historical Geology • Deciphering Earth History and • Evolution of life