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Lecture 2: Encounters and Collisions

Lecture 2: Encounters and Collisions. European Expansion and the Age of Discovery. TERMS and IDENTIFICATIONS : caravel, Hernando Cortés, The Columbian Exchange, smallpox, The Destruction of the Indies, Roanoke

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Lecture 2: Encounters and Collisions

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  1. Lecture 2: Encounters and Collisions

  2. European Expansion and the Age of Discovery TERMS and IDENTIFICATIONS: caravel, Hernando Cortés, The Columbian Exchange, smallpox, The Destruction of the Indies, Roanoke • From 11th to 14th centuries, European agricultural production more than doubled, population nearly tripled. • Commercial Expansion • Renaissance, 14 to 16th centuries -- Humanistic • Rise of monarchies • Technological advances: gunpowder, printing press, compass • Discovery and Conquest • Portuguese explore African coast during 1400s and reach India by 1497 • Columbus’s first voyage, 1492 • Hernando Cortés conquers the Aztecs, 1521; Pizarro conquers Incas, 1528 • Cabeza de Vaca journeys, 1528-1536 • Cartier reconnoiters the St. Lawrence river, 1530s • Hernadno de Soto, 1539-1542; Coronado expeditions, 1539-41 • Roanoke, 1584-87

  3. Spice Routes & Silk Road

  4. The Caravel, 1400s • Fast and could sail into wind • Sturdier construction • Used extensively by Portuguese to explore African Coast • Niña & Pinta

  5. Africa in the 15th Century

  6. 15th Century Portuguese Explorations

  7. Colonization of Atlantic Islands

  8. European Expansion and the Age of Discovery TERMS AND IDENTIFICATIONS: caravel, Cortés, The Columbian Exchange, smallpox, The Destruction of the Indies, Roanoke • From 11th to 14th centuries, European agricultural production more than doubled, population nearly tripled. • Commercial Expansion • Renaissance, 14th to 16th centuries -- Humanistic • Rise of monarchies • Technological advances: gunpowder, printing press, compass • Discovery and Conquest • Portuguese explore African coast during 1400s and reach India by 1497 • Columbus’s first voyage, 1492 • Hernando Cortés conquers the Aztecs, 1521; Pizarro conquers Incas, 1528 • Cabeza de Vaca journeys, 1528-1536 • Cartier reconnoiters the St. Lawrence river, 1530s • Hernadno de Soto, 1539-1542; Coronado expeditions, 1539-41 • Roanoke, 1584-87

  9. Columbus’ First Voyage

  10. Columbus meeting the Tainos

  11. Taino Indians, circa 1500

  12. “A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies,”Bartolomé de las Casas, published 1552

  13. Cortes (Aztecs/Mexico) Pizarro (Peru/Incans)

  14. Tenochtitlán

  15. Diego Rivera, The Great City of Techochtitlan (1945)

  16. European Expansion and the Age of Discovery TERMS AND IDENTIFICATIONS: caravel, Cortés, The Columbian Exchange, smallpox, The Destruction of the Indies, Roanoke • From 11th to 14th centuries, European agricultural production more than doubled, population nearly tripled. • Commercial Expansion • Renaissance, 14th to 16th centuries -- Humanistic • Rise of monarchies • Technological advances: gunpowder, printing press, compass • Discovery and Conquest • Portuguese explore African coast during 1400s and reach India by 1497 • Columbus’s first voyage, 1492 • Hernando Cortés conquers the Aztecs, 1521; Pizarro conquers Incas, 1528 • Cabeza de Vaca journeys, 1528-1536 • Cartier reconnoiters the St. Lawrence river, 1530s • Hernadno de Soto, 1539-1542; Coronado expeditions, 1539-41 • Roanoke, 1584-87

  17. Cabeza de Vaca, 1528-1536

  18. Jacques Cartier, 1530s

  19. Hernando De Soto, 1539-1542

  20. Francisco Vásquez Coronado, 1540-1541

  21. Roanoke, 1584-1587

  22. Columbian Exchange Why did Europeans conquer indigenous Americans so quickly? • Conquest by disease • Smallpox • Syphilis • II. Conquest by Plants • A. Europeans learn to cultivate/utilize new world plants • B. development of cash crops (esp. sugar!) • C. Europeans learn to cultivate their own old world plants in the Americas • D. the problem of weeds. • III. Conquest by Animals • A. pigs gone wild • B. animals of war: horses/bull mastiffs • IV. New World Food→European population explosion

  23. Pathof the Eruptive Fevers

  24. Aztec victims of smallpox -- Florentine Codex

  25. Albrecht Durer, “The Syphilitic”

  26. Columbian Exchange Why did Europeans conquer indigenous Americans so quickly? • Conquest by disease • Smallpox • Syphilis • II. Conquest by Plants • A. Europeans learn to cultivate/utilize new world plants • B. development of cash crops (esp. sugar!) • C. Europeans learn to cultivate their own old world plants in the Americas • D. the problem of weeds. • III. Conquest by Animals • A. pigs gone wild • B. animals of war: horses/bull mastiffs • IV. New World Food→European population explosion

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