1 / 22

Bellringer 11/17

Bellringer 11/17. 1. What is energy? 2. What do the following have in common? Reminders: HW #12, LAB FEE, Quiz #7 Next Wk!. Energy in the Cell. Photosynthesis and Respiration. Energy. Energy- the ability to do work The energy for living things is stored in chemical compounds

carlos-goff
Download Presentation

Bellringer 11/17

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Bellringer 11/17 1. What is energy? 2. What do the following have in common? Reminders: HW #12, LAB FEE, Quiz #7 Next Wk!

  2. Energy in the Cell Photosynthesis and Respiration

  3. Energy • Energy- the ability to do work • The energy for living things is stored in chemical compounds • 2 organelles are responsible for making those compounds for cells: • Chloroplasts- make food through photosynthesis in plants • Mitochondria- release energy through cellular respiration

  4. Where Does the Energy Come From? • Energy is stored in food!!! • Plants use sunlight to make their food. • Plants are autotrophs—they make their own food. • Animals and other organisms that cannot use the sun’s energy directly must consume food for energy and are called heterotrophs

  5. Chemical Energy • Energy in food is stored in chemical bonds • There are 3 main energy molecules that cells use: • ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate) • ADP (adenosine di-phosphate) • Glucose (C6H12O6)- carbohydrates

  6. ATP and ADP • ATP is made of: • Adenine (a nitrogen compound) • 5-carbon sugar • 3 phosphate groups • ADP is made of: • Adenine (a nitrogen compound) • 5-carbon sugar • 2 phosphate groups • So what’s the only difference between the two? • The Phosphate Groups! 2 vs. 3

  7. P P P P P Why ATP? • Phosphates have a large amount of chemical energy. Whenever a bond holding a phosphate is broken, a large amount of usable cellular energy is released. P ADENOSINE ENERGY ADENOSINE

  8. ATP CYCLE • Occurs continuously in cells • About 10 million new ATP molecules are made in every cell every second!!! 2. Releasing EnergyEnergy released by breaking bonds – used to power cells • Stored EnergyEnergy stored in chemical bonds. 4. Making ATP Energy released by other chemical reactions and processes can be used to bond a phosphate to ADP to make ATP 3. Energy DepletedADP has less chemical energy than ATP ADP + P

  9. ATP vs. ADP • When you break chemical bonds you RELEASE energy • The cell can store energy by ADDING a phosphate group to ADP to become ATP. • ATP acts like a fully charged battery

  10. http://www.biologyinmotion.com/atp/index.html

  11. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/methuselah/photosynthesis.html

  12. Photosynthesis • Photo: using light • Synthesis: to put something together >>>The process in which cells use light energy to make carbohydrates (food) • Reminder: takes place in chloroplasts • Chlorophyl-pigment that traps light energy needed for photosynthesis- LAB on this on Wednesday!!!

  13. Photosynthesis Summarized __ CO2 +__ H2O + light energy = __C6H12O6 + __O2 trapped by chlorophyl But, we need to balance this equation… So…. 6 CO2 +6 H2O + light energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2 trapped by chlorophyl • This process contains light-dependent (requires sunlight) and light-independent reactions (no light needed) • Can we guess which part is which?

  14. Cellular Respiration • The opposite of photosynthesis • Instead of making food, we now break down that food to release energy • Reminder: takes place in the mitochondria C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6 CO2 +6 H2O + ATP (from plants) (for plants) (for our use)

  15. Cellular Respiration Stages • 3 Stages • Glycolysis- takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell • Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)- in the mitochondria • ETC (Electron Transport Chain)- in the inner membrane of the mitochondria • To remember: • Glycolysis: anaerobic (no oxygen needed) • Citric Acid Cycle and ETC: aerobic (need oxygen to go) • Total energy after Cellular Respiration: 38 ATP

  16. Lactic Acid Fermentation • Happens when cells cannot get the oxygen they need for cellular respiration • It’s a way to get energy when oxygen isn’t available • Ex: When running you might get a burning feeling in your leg muscles because of lactic acid (produced during fermentation)

  17. What happens w/o O? • Aerobic respiration -energy produced using oxygen • Fermentation - an anaerobic process producing energy without oxygen • Lactic Acid • Alcoholic - used by yeast, bacteria, this is how we make beer, cheese, bread, vinegar, wine and cider

  18. Photosynthesis vs. Respiration

  19. Photosynthesis vs. Respiration

  20. Overview of photosynthesis and respiration SUN RADIANT ENERGY CELL ACTIVITIES PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESPIRATION GLUCOSE ATP(ENERGY)

  21. EQUATIONFORPHOTOSYNTHESIS WATER OXYGEN 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY C6H12O6 + 6O2 CARBON DIOXIDE GLUCOSE

  22. EQUATION FORRESPIRATION CARBON DIOXIDE ATP GLUCOSE C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY OXYGEN WATER

More Related