EQUIPMENTS – HUSK OIL

1. COMENIUS EUROPEAN PROJECT EQUIPMENTS – HUSK OIL

2. Esano Sansa Acqua VB AR Olio di sansa Fig. Estrazione dell’olio dalla sansa COMENIUS EUROPEAN PROJECT Cups elevator can be used to construct equipments aimed not at transportation but – for instance – at the husk oil extraction.This is the husk oil extraction process.Husk results from the olives’ squeezing out and contains from 5 to 7 percent of oil.This oil can be recovered by means of extraction using appropriate solvents; the most frequently used solvents are trichloroethylene, carbon disulphide, dicloro ethane, hexane, light gasoline. The last two are the ones that can, better than the others, produce a less impure husk oil.

3. Bollman’s extractor employs a cups conveyor with a pierced bottom; husk is loaded from the top, on the left side (see fig.), comes down then goes up again and is downloaded on the right side thanks to a device that knocks over the cups (cups that generally are never knocked down being hinged above the barycentre).The sprayed solvent is introduced into the right side, on the top of the equipment, passes through the husk in the cup, slides through its holes and “rains” onto the cup placed underneath; then, husk and solvent, in the right arm, move counter-current. Esano Sansa Acqua VB AR Olio di sansa Fig. Estrazione dell’olio dalla sansa COMENIUS EUROPEAN PROJECT

4. The solvent and the oil – extracted but not saturated - are collected in a container placed under the right arm and is sucked by a pump and “rained” onto the left side cups: here the solvent/husk connection moves equi-current.The solvent, now enriched with the husk oil is collected in a second container placed under the left arm of the equipment. Esano Sansa Acqua VB AR Olio di sansa Fig. Estrazione dell’olio dalla sansa COMENIUS EUROPEAN PROJECT

5. The solvent’s (hexane) boiling point (69 centigrades) is much inferior to the oil’s one (ca. 300 centigrades), so that they can be easily separated by distillation or, better, by stripping (for instance at 100 centigrades or less) to avoid to degrade the oil fragrances. This is the reason why the solution is sent into a stripper: the oil comes out in the bottom, the solvent, that is usually recycled comes out at the top. Esano Sansa Acqua VB AR Olio di sansa Fig. Estrazione dell’olio dalla sansa COMENIUS EUROPEAN PROJECT

6. COMENIUS EUROPEAN PROJECT THE END Prof. A. LAFRATTA Prof. M. TIBERINI Classe 3°B chimici