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Lecture 2: The Bible?. RELIG 210: Introduction to Judaism Prof. Noam Pianko. Prince of Egypt Best Hanukkah Moments. What is the Torah? What does “Torah” mean? List two themes present in Genesis or Exodus Describe one event chronicled in the Prophets or Writings. EJ Sample Quiz .
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Lecture 2: The Bible? RELIG 210: Introduction to JudaismProf. Noam Pianko
Prince of Egypt Best Hanukkah Moments
What is the Torah? What does “Torah” mean? List two themes present in Genesis or Exodus Describe one event chronicled in the Prophets or Writings EJ Sample Quiz
Introduction to Judaism Some Terminology • Hebrews • Israelites-Children of Jacob/Israel • Jews-Book of Esther • Judaism • Hebrew Bible/TaNaCh
The TaNaKh • Torah (5 Books of Moses) • Establishment of covenant • Promise (land, seed) and Warnings • Nevi’im (Prophets) • Covenant Broken • Exile, Loss of Land • Ketuvim (writings) • Covenant restored
What would go into foundational text? If you wanted to found a religion…
Not a Law code Not only “religion” Not a history book Instruction, teaching What is torah?
What forms does it take? • Laws • Narrative • Genealogies • Poems • Songs • prayers What is Torah, continued
Introduction to Judaism Geographical Coordinates
Introduction to Judaism According to Hebrew Bible…19th-11th Century BCE • Abraham’s Migration to Canaan • Jacob and his sons flee to Egypt • Enslavement of Israelites in Egypt • Moses-“Let My People Go” • Exodus from Egypt (c 13th century BCE) • Wandering in the Sinai Desert • Israelite Conquest of Canaan • Federation of tribes and rule by Judges (13-11th century BCE)
Introduction to Judaism Abraham’s Journey
Introduction to Judaism The Route of the Exodus
Introduction to Judaism The Twelve Tribes
Introduction to Judaism The United Monarchy (c. 922)
Introduction to Judaism Divided Kingdom (922-721)
Introduction to Judaism Fall of Israel (721BCE)
Introduction to Judaism Fall of Judah (587)
Ambiguous Terse No clear message World-plays- Bible as literature Problem of translation Characteristics of the hebrew bible
Lekh lekha/Go Forth Barren/Birth of Isaac/Hagar Binding of Isaac Isaac and Rebecca Twins: Jacob and Esau/Birthright Blessing God Wrestling-Yisrael The Switch: Jacob, Leah, and Rachel Famine, Egypt, Joseph as Advisor to Pharoah An ancient soap opera
Brainstorm three lessons… Note: There is no correct answer! Focus on Biblical text, not other readings you might bring What do we learn from Genesis story?
Tribes-kinship, diversity, shared history • Imperfect beginnings • Ethical principles • “Underdog” mentality • Empathy compassion • Covenant • Exile Some possible themes…
The Covenant with Abram “Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you. I will make of you a great nation, and I will bles you, and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, and the one who curses you I will curse; and in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed” (Genesis 11)
First commandment in the Torah Genesis 17:9 Circumcision
“Now then, if you will obey Me faithfully and keep My covenant, you shall be My treasured possession among all the peoples.” (19:5) Then God spoke all these words, saying: I am your God who brought you out of the land of Egypt, the house of bondage: You shall have no other gods besides me…” (20:1) See also Deuteronomy 30 Exodus-Revelation at sinai
What is the difference? What is the significance of the tension? Conditional and unconditional
Patriarch Egypt Golden Calf Arrival in Promised Land Kingdom Exile Return Exile Transgression, Exile, redemption