期末复习指导

1. 期末复习指导 （一）（二）（三）（四）（五）

2. 请看下面试题： • ____ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of √ with 复合结构 “七形式、三作用”

3. with 复合结构“七形式、三作用” I. 七形式： 形容词(状态) 现在分词（正在做…） 过去分词（被做） with + 宾语 + 介词短语（处所状态） 副词（状态、处所） 不定式（待做） 名词（说明或解释）

4. with the windows open With everything ready • In summer we often sleep __________ ________________(让窗子开着). • ______________________(一切准备好了), we started to work. • In parts of Asia it’s not polite to sit ____ ________________________________ (用脚指着另一人). • All the afternoon he worked ________ ____________(门锁着). • The murderer was brought in, _______ ____________________(手被捆在身后). with your feet pointing at another person with the door locked with his hands tied behind his back

5. with a ruler under his arm 6. The teacher walked into the classroom __________________________(手臂夹着一根尺子). 7. Our city looks more beautiful ________ _____________(所有的灯都开着). 8. ________________________________ _____(有许多难题要解决), the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 9.In the center of London there is a tall white building _____________________ (名叫“Bush House”). with all the lights on With a lot of difficult problems to settle with the name “Bush House”

6. with 复合结构“七形式、三作用” II. 三作用： • 状语：伴随或方式；时间；原因；条件 • 定语 • 补足语：主语补足语；宾语补足语

7. with the windows open 伴随/方式 伴随/方式 With everything ready • In summer we often sleep __________ ________________(让窗子开着). • ______________________(一切准备好了), we started to work. • In parts of Asia it’s not polite to sit ____ ________________________________ (用脚指着另一人). • All the afternoon he worked ________ ____________(门锁着). • The murderer was brought in, _______ ____________________(手被捆在身后). 时间 with your feet pointing at another person 伴随/方式 with the door locked 伴随/方式 with his hands tied behind his back 伴随/方式

8. with a ruler under his arm 伴随/方式 6. The teacher walked into the classroom __________________________(手臂夹着一根尺子). 7. Our city looks more beautiful ________ _____________(所有的灯都开着). 8. ________________________________ _____(有许多难题要解决), the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 9.In the center of London there is a tall white building _____________________ (名叫“Bush House”). with all the lights on 伴随/方式 With a lot of difficult problems to settle 原因 with the name “Bush House” 定语

9. with his head on his hands 伴随/方式 With the meeting over 10. He lay there thinking, ______________ ______________(头枕着双手). 11. _____________________(会议结束后), they left the meeting-room. 12. __________________(钥匙丢了), she couldn’t enter the house. 13. _______________________(有李平帮我们), I’m sure we can finish the job ahead of time. 14. The young woman ________________ ____(怀抱小孩) is Tom’s elder sister. 时间 With the key lost 原因 With Li Ping to help us 条件 with a baby in her arms 定语

10. with a thin sheet of ice on 主语补足语 15. The next morning the lake was found ___________________________(覆盖着一层博冰). 16. _______________________(春天来时), the trees turned green. With spring coming on 时间 Compare: with复合结构与独立主格结构有着密切的联系： ☆Spring coming on, the trees turned green. ☆Tom is the best in playing Ping-Pong in our school, Mike following him closely.

11. 期末复习指导 （二）

12. A B • 请看下面试题： • There ___ no bus. We had to go by taxi. • There ___ no bus, we had to go by taxi. A. was B. being C. had D. is 题干相似，答案迥异

13. 题干相似，答案迥异 D A 3. Do you know ___ John is getting on well with his studies? 4. Do you know ___John is getting on with his studies? A. how B. which C. what D. that A

14. 题干相似，答案迥异 D 5. ___ is known to us all is that China is a developing country. 6. ___ is known to us all that China is a developing country. 7. ___ is known to us all, China is a developing country. A. As B. It C. That D. What B A

15. 题干相似，答案迥异 D 8. Is this factory ___ some visitors visited the other day? 9. Is this the factory ___ some visitors visited the other day? A. that B. in which C. where D. the one A

16. 题干相似，答案迥异 10. The secretary worked late into the night and ___ a long speech for the president. 11. The secretary worked late into the night, ___ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. prepares C B

17. 期末复习指导 （三）

18. 祈使句的否定形式 请看高考题是怎么考的： —Sorry, Joe. I didn’t mean to… —Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr Parker to you, and ___ you forget it! A. do B. didn’t C. did D. don’t D 根据句意和题中的“！”，可知所填的词不是用来构成疑问句的，而是用来构成祈使句的否定形式。

19. 1、Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他 • 不要把它带走。 • 不要再迟到了。 • 请别忘了给我写信。 Don’t take it away. Don’t be late again. Please don’t forget to write to me.

20. 2、Don’t + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他加强语气或表示“不高兴/厌烦/鄙视” • 你不要担心！ • 任何人不许开门！ Don’t you worry! Don’t anyone open the door!

21. 3、Never + 动词原形 + 其他 • 绝对不要怕！ • 再也不要和你父母那样说话了。 Never fear! Never speak to your parents like that again!

22. 4、Let’s not + 动词原形 + 其他 • 我们不要再谈此事了。 • 我们不要再浪费时间争论这件事了。 Let’s not talk about it any more. Let’s not waste our time arguing about it.

23. 5、No + 名词或动名词 + 其他多用在警示语中 No litter! • 不准乱丢废物！ • 禁止吸烟！ • 禁止在墙上涂写！ • 学习时请不要讲话。 No smoking! No scribbling on the wall! No conversation while I am studying, please.

24. 6、None of + 介词短语用于第二人称时 None of that! • 不要那样！ • 少管闲事！ • 不要胡说八道！ • 不要耍你那套小把戏了！ None of your business! None of your nonsense! None of your little games!

25. 期末复习指导 （四）

26. 表达原因的各种方式 1、介词表达法(at; for; from; over; with) • The whole country was very sad ___ the news of his death. • He is suffering ___ a bad cold now. • He was mourning ____ his dead father. • His face turned red ____ anger. at from over with

27. 2、连词表达法：as; because; for; since As • ___ I didn’t listen to the report, I can‘t tell you anything about it. • He is absent today ________ he is ill. • It must have rained last night, ___ the road was wet this morning. • ____ he was busy, he didn’t come. because for Since

28. 3、短语表达法：as a result of; because of; due to; in virtue of; now that; on account of; owing to; thanks to • He wasn’t present at the meeting _____ ___ his illness. • The flight was cancelled ______ the fog. • He was highly praised ____________his brave deeds. • He was sentenced to two years in prison ______________his crime. • _________our joint efforts, the task was fulfilled ahead of time. because of due to in virtue of on account of Owing to

29. 4、不定式表达法： to have kept you waiting so long • I am sorry _________________________ (让你久等了). • She wept _________________________ (看到他这种可怕的样子). to see him in such a terrible state

30. 5、分词表达法： Having lived in the countryside for many years • _______________________________________________(由于在农村住过很多年), he know a lot about farming. • I was unable to accept your invitation, _________________________________ ___________________________(已答应陪一位好朋友去听一个演讲). • ______________________(由于久别家乡),he joyously embraced his mates of boyhood. having promised to accompany my good friend to listen to a lecture Gone from home so long

31. 期末复习指导 （五）

32. It的几种易混句型 一、强调句型：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that… It wasTomthat met your mom in the supermarket yesterday. It wasyour momthat Tom met in the supermarket yesterday. It wasin the supermarketthat Tom met your mom yesterday. It wasyesterdaythat Tom met your mom in the supermarket.

33. 注意：1、强调句中的引导词 (1)如果被强调的部分是人，可用who, whom来代替that。 It was her that (who/ whom) I saw in the office. It was Tomthat (who) met your mom in the supermarket yesterday. It was your momthat(who/whom) Tom met in the supermarket yesterday.

34. 注意：1、强调句中的引导词 (2)对状语部分强调时，只能用that，而不能用when或where等。 改错： It was in the field where we found a rare jar. It was between 1906 and 1908 when the newspaper was born. that that

35. 注意：2、强调句中的谓语动词 (1) 无论被强调的主语是单数还是复数，一律用It is/was… 翻译： 那天是Tom和Green帮的我。 It was Tom and Green that helped me the other day.

36. 注意：2、强调句中的谓语动词 (2)谓语动词应与被强调的主语保持一致。 用be的正确形式填空： It is my brother, not I, who ____ a policeman. It is John and I that _____ leaving for Beijing tomorrow. It is I who _____ on duty today. is are am

37. 注意：3、强调句中的句式变化 (1) 一般疑问句：Is/Was it … that…? Complete the sentence： _______________(是在1969年) that the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon? Was it in 1969

38. 注意：3、强调句中的句式变化 (2) 特殊疑问句：Wh- + is/was it … that…? Translation： 我们谈话将是在哪儿？ 刚才是谁给你打电话？ Where is it that we’ll have a talk? Who was it that called you up just now?

39. 注意：3、强调句中的句式变化 (3) not…until的强调形式：It is/was not until…that… Change the sentence into an emphatic one： I didn’t go to bed until eleven last night. It was not until eleven last night that I went to bed. Attention!!! Not until eleven last night did Igo to bed.

40. 二、含复合句的强调句型：高考中经常将强调句与其他从句混合考查：二、含复合句的强调句型：高考中经常将强调句与其他从句混合考查： (1) 强调原因状语从句： Change the sentence into an emphatic one： He’s got lung cancer because he smoked too much. It is because he smoked too much that he’s got lung cancer.

41. 二、含复合句的强调句型：高考中经常将强调句与其他从句混合考查：二、含复合句的强调句型：高考中经常将强调句与其他从句混合考查： (2) 强调被定语从句修饰的先行词： Change the sentence into an emphatic one： The training that he had as a young man made him such a great writer. It was the training that he had as a young man that made him such a great writer.

42. 三、与强调句型易混的几种句式： it is 都是与that搭配吗？ (1) 状语从句： • It is at least five years ______ my brother joined the army. A. that B. before C. when D. since • It won’t be long ______ you regret what you’ve done. A. after B. before C. since D. that • It was seven o’clock ______ the fire broke out. A. when B. that C. since D. while D B A

43. 三、与强调句型易混的几种句式： it is 都是与that搭配吗？ (2) 定语从句： • Was it the university ____ you worked in 1980? A. that B. which C. where D. there • Was it in the university ____ you worked in 1980? A. that B. which C. where D. there C A

44. 三、与强调句型易混的几种句式： it is 都是与that搭配吗？ (3) 主语从句： • It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning grey. A. while B. that C. if D. for • It makes no difference _____ we’ll share the office with. A. if B. whether C. who D. that B C

45. 四、破解强调句型的“奥秘”： 破解It is/was…that…是否是强调句型， 一个简易可行的方法就是把句子中的It is/was和that去掉，然后再看句子的剩余部分是否能组成一个完整的句子。如果能，则原句为强调句型，否则不是。

46. 四、破解强调句型的“奥秘”： when • It was three o’clock ____ he finished the difficult task. • It was at seven o’clock ___ the fire broke out. • It is in a small factory ____ my brother is going to work. • It is the small factory _____ my brother is going to work. 状语从句 that 强调句型 that 强调句型 where 定语从句