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Review of River Valley Civilizations. 6 th Grade Social Studies. River Valleys. Ancient Sumer. GEOGRAPHY Tigris & Euphrates Rivers STABLE FOOD SUPPLY irrigation systems f looding p lanting harvesting. GOVERNMENT king government officials Hammurabi’s Code of Laws.
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Review of River Valley Civilizations 6th Grade Social Studies
Ancient Sumer GEOGRAPHY • Tigris & Euphrates Rivers STABLE FOOD SUPPLY • irrigation systems • flooding • planting • harvesting
GOVERNMENT • king • government officials • Hammurabi’s Code of Laws “An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.”
RELIGION • polytheism – belief in many gods • worshipped in ziggurat • WRITING • cuneiform • THE ARTS • statues • reliefs • reflect daily life
Ancient Egypt GEOGRAPHY • Nile River, Nile delta STABLE FOOD SUPPLY • Reeds, papyrus growing along Nile River banks
GOVERNMENT • Pharaoh owned all of Egypt • and everything in it • pharaoh declared himself a god • SOCIAL STRUCTURE • Pharaoh • Government officials • Soldiers • Scribes • Merchants • Craftsmen • Peasants • Slaves
RELIGION WRITING THE ARTS • polytheism hieroglyphics
Ancient China GEOGRAPHY • Huang He River STABLE FOOD SUPPLY • loess • large, diverse landscape
GOVERNMENT • King – owned all of China • Mandate of Heaven – chosen by the gods • Nobles – managed areas of land for king • SOCIAL STRUCTURE • Kings • nobles • artisans & traders • farmers • slaves The development of bronze tools and helmets made the Chinese army one of the strongest at the time.
RELIGION • turtle shells • oracle bones • predictions • advice from ancestors • WRITING • Chinese characters • written on oracle bones • THE ARTS • jade and bronze
Ancient India GEOGRAPHY • Indus River Valley STABLE FOOD SUPPLY • irrigation • the plow
GOVERNMENT • King Ashoka – edicts • King Chandragupta • – “Golden Age” – great achievements • SOCIAL STRUCTURE • unified India through arranged marriages
RELIGION • Hinduism • polytheism • Buddhism • Buddha • awakened one
WRITING • Sanskrit • THE ARTS • artifacts of daily life
Common Themes Lived near rivers for the resources Depended on river Irrigation was key to success When crops were plentiful – gods were pleased ~ When crops were few – gods displeased Once a stable food supply was established, it allowed ancient civilizations to pursue inventions and more creative pursuits