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Understanding the Cell Cycle: Mitosis & Division Stages

Discover the phases of mitosis, cell growth, and division in the cell cycle. Learn about mitotic stages, genetic replication, and cell reproduction for growth and repair. Explore the differences between animal and plant cells in cytokinesis.

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Understanding the Cell Cycle: Mitosis & Division Stages

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  1. CELL CYCLE • Over time, many of the cells die and need to be replaced. • Mitosis is the process by which a cell reproduces to create two identical copies. • Cells formed by mitosis are known as daughter cells. • The cell division process occurs as four different stages, known collectively as the 'cell cycle'. • Many of the abnormal traits of cancer cells are due to defects in genes that control cell division.

  2. Happy Thursday! 11/14/13 FIRST TAKE out your CELL CYCLE notes and PRACTICE MITOSIS Sheet (aka Homework!) BELLWORK QUESTIONS: 1) What are the steps of mitosis in order? 2) What phase matches this picture? You have 3 minutes.

  3. Cell Cycle • The cell cycle consists of four stages G0, Interphase, M-phase, Cytokinesis • G1 and G2 are 'gap' phases in which the cell grows and prepares to divide. • S in the synthesis phase in which the chromatin (DNA) is copied (replicated). • M is the mitotic phase in which the cell physically divides into two daughter cells. • Most cells are NOT actively dividing. These cells are in a resting state (G).

  4. Mitosis is a process where cells are produced for growth and/or replacing damaged or old cells • Mitosis in normal cells produces two cells with identical genetic content. • Mitosis has four sub-phases:

  5. PROPHASE • Chromosomes condense, the nuclear membrane breaks down, and spindle fibers form

  6. METAPHASE • The replicated chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

  7. ANAPHASE • Chromosomes separate and the cell becomes elongated, with distinct ends (poles)

  8. TELOPHASE • Nuclear envelopes re-form at the two poles and new cell membranes begin to form to create two independent cells

  9. CYTOKINESISthe division of the cytoplasm to make two complete daughtercells • ANIMAL CELLS • Cell membrane pinches apart into two equal parts with one nucleus in each daughter cell • PLANT CELLS • Cell plate forms between two nuclei • Cell plate develops into a cell wall

  10. Animations http://www.johnkyrk.com/mitosis.html http://www.hybridmedicalanimation.com/anim_mitosis.html

  11. CYTOKINESIS

  12. METAPHASE

  13. PROPHASE

  14. ANAPHASE

  15. Quiz • http://www.biologycorner.com/flash/mitosis.html

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