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CELL CYCLE

CELL CYCLE. Over time, many of the cells die and need to be replaced. Mitosis is the process by which a cell reproduces to create two identical copies. Cells formed by mitosis are known as daughter cells.

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CELL CYCLE

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  1. CELL CYCLE • Over time, many of the cells die and need to be replaced. • Mitosis is the process by which a cell reproduces to create two identical copies. • Cells formed by mitosis are known as daughter cells. • The cell division process occurs as four different stages, known collectively as the 'cell cycle'. • Many of the abnormal traits of cancer cells are due to defects in genes that control cell division.

  2. Happy Thursday! 11/14/13 FIRST TAKE out your CELL CYCLE notes and PRACTICE MITOSIS Sheet (aka Homework!) BELLWORK QUESTIONS: 1) What are the steps of mitosis in order? 2) What phase matches this picture? You have 3 minutes.

  3. Cell Cycle • The cell cycle consists of four stages G0, Interphase, M-phase, Cytokinesis • G1 and G2 are 'gap' phases in which the cell grows and prepares to divide. • S in the synthesis phase in which the chromatin (DNA) is copied (replicated). • M is the mitotic phase in which the cell physically divides into two daughter cells. • Most cells are NOT actively dividing. These cells are in a resting state (G).

  4. Mitosis is a process where cells are produced for growth and/or replacing damaged or old cells • Mitosis in normal cells produces two cells with identical genetic content. • Mitosis has four sub-phases:

  5. PROPHASE • Chromosomes condense, the nuclear membrane breaks down, and spindle fibers form

  6. METAPHASE • The replicated chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

  7. ANAPHASE • Chromosomes separate and the cell becomes elongated, with distinct ends (poles)

  8. TELOPHASE • Nuclear envelopes re-form at the two poles and new cell membranes begin to form to create two independent cells

  9. CYTOKINESISthe division of the cytoplasm to make two complete daughtercells • ANIMAL CELLS • Cell membrane pinches apart into two equal parts with one nucleus in each daughter cell • PLANT CELLS • Cell plate forms between two nuclei • Cell plate develops into a cell wall

  10. Animations http://www.johnkyrk.com/mitosis.html http://www.hybridmedicalanimation.com/anim_mitosis.html

  11. CYTOKINESIS

  12. METAPHASE

  13. PROPHASE

  14. ANAPHASE

  15. Quiz • http://www.biologycorner.com/flash/mitosis.html

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