The Great Inventors & Philosophers

1. The Great Inventors & Philosophers Blaise Pascal & Gottfried Leibniz

2. Biography Of Blaise PascalHIS YOUNGER YEARS • Born at Clermont • On June 19, 1623 • Studied Geometry at age 12 • Was kept at home to continue his father’s studies and so that he wasn’t overworked

3. Blaise Pascal'sLater years • At age 19 Pascaline devised a calculator to help his father a French tax collector count his taxes • 1650’s he started a research in religion for three years • 1653 he started an experiment on pressure exerted by gasses and liquids • He got into an accident while riding his horse on Nov 23 1654. Which lead his life to the study of religion e.g. Pascal's Wager

4. Blaise Pascal'sAchievements • Invented the first mechanical calculators • Pascaline developed a mechanism to calculate addition and subtraction • Blaise Pascal also invented the syringe • Pascal also contributed in the major research/discoveries in the study pressure of fluids which lead to the invention of the hydraulic press

5. Chronology of Blaise Pascal: • Born at Clermont on June 19, 1623 • Age 12 he studied Geometry • Age 13 proven the 32nd proposition of Euclid & discovered an error on Rene Descartes Geometry • Age 19 he started the Pascaline the first accurate mechanical calculator was born • 1650 he started a research on the study of religion • 1653 started experiments on pressure exerted by gases and liquids • 1653 arithmetical triangle • Nov 23 1654 Pascal got into an accident while riding his horses which lead to a spiritual era of his life. • Died at Paris on Aug 19, 1662 at age 39 brain hemorrhage

6. Something cool to know about Pascal: • The first reported person to actually wear a watch on a wrist was the French mathematician and philosopher, Blaise Pascal. With a piece of string, he attached his pocket watch to his wrist.  

7. Pascal video

8. Gottfried Wilhelm von LeibnizYounger years • Born at Leipzig • July 1, 1646 • His father died at the age six he was raised by his mother he learnt his moral and religious values from her which played a important part in his life of philosophy • At age12 he learned Greek and advance Latin • Got into college at age 13 • Graduated Masters at age of 16

9. Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnizlater years • At the (age 20) he has acquired being a scholar in mathematics philosophy and Law • In 1666 (age 20), he published his first book, the art of combinations • Leibniz is credited, along with Sir Isaac Newton with the inventing of Infinitesimal Calculus. According to Leibniz's notebooks, a critical breakthrough occurred on 11 November 1675 • 1672 started his research on Stepped Reckoner and completed in 1694 capable of computing addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Know to us the first basic calculator.

10. Achievements: • Infinitesimal Calculus • Binary Arithmetic which lead to binary numbers used on computers • Stepped Reckoner capable of multiplication and division

11. Chronology of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz • Born July 1, 1646, in Leipzig • 1661 Gottfried at age 14 entered the University of Leipzig • Graduated with his Bachelor’s degree in 1663 • Oct 1663 Leibniz was awarded with a Masters degree in philosophy for combining the aspects of philosophy and law • In 1671 he began to invent a machine called the “Stepped Reckoner” • 1675, laid the foundation of the differential/integral calculus • 1679 he perfected the development of the binary system of arithmetic • Died, November 14, 1716, in Hannover

12. Pascal and Leibniz SIMILARITIES • Both are major contributor in the field of mathematics. • Both have a material degree in philosophy • Both are logical and spiritual • Both invented a calculator. Pascal Leibniz

13. Operation of the Stepped Reckoner and Pascaline • The machine performs multiplication by repeated addition and division by repeated subtraction. The basic operation performed is to add (or subtract) the operand number to the accumulators register, as many times as desired (to subtract, the operating crank is turned in the opposite direction). The number of additions (or subtractions) is controlled by the multiplier dial. It operates like a telephone dial, with ten holes in its circumference numbered 0 - 9. To multiply by a single digit, 0 - 9, a knob-shaped stylus is inserted in the appropriate hole in the dial, and the crank is turned. The multiplier dial turns clockwise, the machine performing one addition for each hole, until the stylus strikes a stop at the top of the dial. The result appears in the accumulator windows. Repeated subtractions are done similarly except the multiplier dial turns in the opposite direction, so a second set of digits, in red, are used. To perform a single addition or subtraction, the multiplier is simply set at one.

14. credits • Resources: • http://www.thocp.net/biographies/pascal_blaise.html • http://www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/People/Pascal/RouseBall/RB_Pascal.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepped_Reckoner • http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Leibniz.html • http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Leibniz.html • http://mally.stanford.edu/leibniz.html • Book in computer concepts The Barkada: Rachel Solis “Chel” Jose Poalo Dominico Abogado Marquez “Micko” Jayvee Esdicul “JV’ ChisatoMizoe “CHY’ Caselyn Torres “KC” John LowirenceJoson “janjan” Myles Gabriel Reyes “Myles” John Daniel Sena Palacios “sena”