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Emissions Norms for Coal-based Thermal Power Plants

Emissions Norms for Coal-based Thermal Power Plants. Anshu Bharadwaj. Outline. Context Impact on Emissions Costs and Benefits Implementation challenges. Context. New Emission Standards. Earlier standards – No norms for NO x , SO x , Hg PM: 150 - 350 mg/Nm 3 New Standards.

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Emissions Norms for Coal-based Thermal Power Plants

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  1. Emissions Norms for Coal-based Thermal Power Plants Anshu Bharadwaj

  2. Outline • Context • Impact on Emissions • Costs and Benefits • Implementation challenges

  3. Context

  4. New Emission Standards • Earlier standards – • No norms for NOx, SOx, Hg • PM: 150 - 350 mg/Nm3 • New Standards (Environment Protection Amendment Regulation, 2015) Very stringent norms – comparable with global best standards

  5. CSTEP Study • Evaluated implications of recent emissionstandards on TPPs • Technology options • Assessed impact on pollution • Impact on cost of electricity • Health benefits • Principal Investigator: Shweta Srinivasan • Supported by Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation Report Launch Event (July 2018)

  6. Impact of Norms – Dispersion Modeling

  7. Present & Future Coal Based Capacity 270 GW in 2030 173 GW in 2015

  8. Impact on Criteria Pollutants 95% reduction 87% reduction

  9. Dispersion Modeling – 2015

  10. Implementation plan is underway and showing some benefits Dispersion Modeling - 2023 Without PCT With PCT

  11. Dispersion Modeling - 2030 Significant benefits from full implementation Without PCT With PCT

  12. Costs and Benefits

  13. Investments and Cost of Electricity • Incremental capital investment ~ INR 0.3 – 1 Crore per MW • Cumulative investment required ~ Rs 4 Lakh Crore • 60% for SOx controls • 30% for NOxcontrols • Increase in cost of electricity: 60 – 75 paise per kWh

  14. Health Benefits • Mortality Benefit: • Cumulative lives saved ~ 3.2 Lakhs • Most health benefits in Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh-Telangana and Uttar Pradesh • Morbidity Benefit: • 5.2 crore respiratory hospital admissions avoided • 12.6 crore work loss days avoided

  15. Benefit vs Cost • Benefits outweigh costs of implementation • But, upfront capital costs is a challenge

  16. Implementation Challenges

  17. Key Challenges • Technology • Availability and raw materials • Diverse industry requirements • Waste management • Cost • Viability gap to cover part of costs • Regulation • Pass through to Discoms • State co financing

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