Jaime Alberto Guerra Páez

1. Training course on Biogas technology for developing countries in 2015 Jaime Alberto Guerra Páez

2. Content 1. Colombia Overview 2. Competencies natural gas industry 3. Institutional framework 4. Sector Structure 5. Service Coverage 6. Natural Gas Industry Overview

3. ABOUT COLOMBIA

4. This country is the result of the union of cultures at the time of the conquest, so the traditions in the regions are represented in the many dialects, dances, colors, sounds and tastes. Colombia is the second country with the richest biodiversity in the world. Colombia as a tropical country and given its geography and position in South America, has many ecosystems that make varied to be located on the Caribbean and Pacific oceans and three mountain chains.

5. GEOGRAPHY: Colombia is in the latitude and longitude of 04 ° 00 N, 72 ° 00 w. It is located in the northwest corner of South America. Colombia covers both the northern and southern hemispheres. The capital city of Colombia is Bogotá. The latitude and longitude of Bogota, Colombia's capital city is 04º 38 'N, 74 ° 05' w.

6. Colombia's surface is of 2,129,748 km², of which 1,141,748 sq km correspond to its mainland and the remaining 988,000 square kilometers to its maritime extension Bordered on the east by Venezuela and Brazil, to the south with Peru and Ecuador and northwest by Panama; in terms of maritime boundaries, borders Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, Haiti, Dominican Republic and Venezuela in the Caribbean, and Panama, Costa Rica and Ecuador in the Pacific Ocean.

7. DEMOGRAPHICS: Population of 48,321,405 people. Ethnic diversity in Colombia is the result of the mix of indigenous Amerindians, Spanish colonists and African slaves, giving rise to a population of mestizos, whites, mulattoes and blacks, as well as the mixture of black and Amerindian, or zambos. The proportions of the different ethnic groups vary markedly by region. The difficult economic situation, mainly, make Colombia is one of Latin American countries with the largest flow of migrants.

8. ECONOMY: The official currency of Colombia is the Peso, which is divided into 100 cents. Colombia ranks as the fourth largest economy in Latin America after Brazil, Mexico and Argentina in the international classification, it is within the 28 largest in the world. It is part of the CIVETS (Colombia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Egypt, Turkey and South Africa), that comprise emerging economies with high growth potential.

9. FAUNA AND FLORA Among the wildlife are the largest mammals of South America such as the jaguar, puma, armadillo and several species of monkeys and deer. Lizards, who once abounded along major rivers, have been hunted intensively so they are now very rare. In the tropics many varieties of snakes inhabit. Among the birds we find condor, vulture, toucan, parrot, cockatoo, cranes, storks and Hummingbird.

11. Colombia has the largest number of species per unit area on the planet. There are more than 1800 species of birds recorded (more than the sum of all North America and Europe), from the Andean condor to the tiny hummingbird. Herbal Colombians have classified more than 130,000 plants.

12. NATURAL RESOURCES: Colombia has a great potential of energy resources (coal, mainly in the Guajira department). The oil industry is one of the main activities of national economy and generating many currencies. Among export natural resources are gold, nickel, copper, silver, platinum and emeralds. The large variety of climatic zones allows for a significant agricultural production and livestock. Forestry and fishing are also important.

14. Ancient sculpture: San Agustin LANGUAGE: Spanish or Castilian is the official language of Colombia and the languages of ethnic groups also are constitutionally recognized as official in its territory. 60 Aboriginal languages are kept alive, for example Wayúunaike in Guajira; the Nasayuwe and Guambiano in Cauca; languages of the Chibcha family, the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and Cocuy among others. Modern sculpture: Fernando Botero

15. Nairo Quintana-cycling Mariana Pajon – BMX cycling Carolina Ibarguen – long jump James Rodriguez - football Radamel Falcao - football Pablo Montoya – car racing

16. Gabriel Garcia Marquz – writer. Nobel literature Writer : 100 years of solitude Manuel Elkin Patarroyo - scientist developed the world's first safe and effective malaria vaccine.

17. Shakira-Singer Juanes-Singer Sofia Vergara - Actress Paulina Vega-Miss Universe

18. Superintendency of Public Services SERVICE OF NATURAL GAS IN COLOMBIA Superintendency Delegated for Energy and Gas Fuel Jaime Guerra August 2015

19. Capacity of the Nation Summary of the fuel gas sector in Colombia Article 8 of Law 142 of 1994 - Public Utilities Act “In own way planning, allocate and manage the use of gas as fuel when it is economically and technically possible, through official, mixed or private companies “

20. Competences of the Municipality Article 5 of Law 142 of 1994 Indicates that corresponds to Municipality ensure the efficient delivery of water services (aqueduct), sewerage, cleanliness, electricity and gas fuel. Also states the ways in which municipalities can ensure the provision of such services "(...) by official, private or mixed utilities or directly by the central administration of the respective municipality (...)".

21. Municipal permits Article 25 and 26 of Law 142 of 1994 The competent authorities should take into account that companies duly constituted to provide public services to operate should get, depending on the activity, concessions, permits and licenses. The Utility Companies should be subject to standards of urban planning, traffic and transit, use of public space, security and public peace adopted by municipalities and is required to establishappropriate guarantees to the risks that could create.

22. Institutional framework

23. Superintendency functions Performs the duties of inspection, supervision and control of the persons providing the public services. Assesses the financial, technical and administrative management of providers of public services, according to the indicators defined by the regulatory commissions. Sanctions for non-compliance with the rules.

24. Sector Structure PUBLIC SERVICE HOUSEHOLD FUEL GAS: The set of activities arranged for the distribution of combustible gas by pipeline or otherwise, from a place of gathering large volumes or from a central gas pipeline to the installation of a final consumer, including its connection and measurement. (Article 14.28, Act 142 of 1994) Merchandising/ marketers Distribution Final user Transport Production

25. Natural gas industry in Colombia Producers: 11 Transporters: 9 Commercializer: 29 Distributers: 41

26. Natural gas industry in Colombia Market Manager Centralize business transactions It is responsible for: 1.Design, operation and management of the Electronic Bulletin Central, EBC. 2.Centralization of transactional and operational information: collect, verify, publish and maintain of information. 3.Management of marketing mechanisms in the primary market and the secondary market. 4.Report of information to regulatory, monitoring and control agencies for monitoring the market.

27. Largest producers of gas fields and transport network

28. Evolution of Production by field (well) Source: UPME

29. Evolution of Production by field (well) Average annual production per field (GBTUD) Source: UPME

30. Evolution of Production by field (well) Source: UPME

31. Evolution of Production by field (well) Participation by field in average annual production

32. Transported volume 2013-2014 Coast Region: 36% Interior region: 64% Source: UPME

33. Demand by Region 2013-2014 Coast Interior Isolated Area Source: UPME

34. Demand by Region 2013-2014 National demand by Destination (GBTUD) Source: UPME

35. Demand by Consumer Sector 2013 – 2014 Unregulated Regulated Source: UPME

36. National Demand by Consumer Sector (GBTUD) Source: UPME

37. Consumer demand by Sector– Unregulated 2013 – 2014 National Demand Unregulated (GBTUD) Source: UPME

38. Power Generation Capacity Net Effective Capacity Source: UPME

39. Thermal Generation Capacity Source: UPME

40. Thermal Power Plants

41. Evolution thermal consumption 2009-2015 Source: UPME

42. Thermal Plant consumption in January 2015 - June 2015 Total consumption 270 GBTUD Source: UPME

43. Colombia, Population 48.32 million (December 2013) Total number of residential users connected by stratum Source: UPME

44. Non-conventional Renewable Energies Colombia started to develop this theme last year with the issuance of the Law 1715. Law 1715 of May 13, 2014 establish "Through which the integration of non-conventional renewable energy to the national energy system is regulated" -Key-aspects of Law 1715 2014: objective and purpose, some definitions, competencies, proposed mechanisms Currently this Law is in process of regulation

45. Objective of the energy and mining plans Achieve internal and external supplies of energy and minerals efficiently, with minimal environmental impact and creating value for regions and populations

46. Unconventional sources of renewable energy Installed Capacity (power) - renewable energy Source: UPME

47. Purpose • "... to promote the development and use of non-conventional energy sources, especially those from renewable sources in the national energy system, by integrating the electricity market, participation in non-interconnected zones and other energy uses as a means necessary for sustainable economic development, the reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases and energy security. With the same purpose it is to promote efficient energy management, comprising both energy efficiency and demand response. "

48. Finality • "... establish the legal framework and instruments for the promotion of the use of non-conventional energy sources, especially those from renewable sources, as well as for the promotion of investment, research and development of clean technologies for energy production, energy efficiency and demand response in the context of the national energy policy ... " • "... establish lines of action for the fulfillment of commitments made by Colombia in renewable energy, efficient energy management and reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases ..."

49. Promotion, encouragement and incentive to the development of activities of production and use of USRE (Unconventional sources of renewable energy) is declared as a matter of public utility and social interest, public and national interest, essential for: -to ensure the full and timely diversification of energy supply, -the competitiveness of the Colombian economy, -the efficient use of energy, -the protection of the environment, and -the preservation and conservation of renewable natural resources. This qualification will have effects in terms of land management, urban planning, environmental planning, economic development and administrative procedures in competition and selection.

50. Unconventional energy sources (UES) and Unconventional sources of renewable energy (USRE) Unconventional energy sources, They are composed of a•Nuclear b-Unconventional sources of renewable energy (USRE) •Eolic (wind) •Geothermal •Solar •Biomass •Small hydropower plants