Tobacco

1. Tobacco Chapter 16

2. What’s Tobacco? Tobacco is a plant. It has large leaves that have been smoked in many forms for at least 2,000 years.

3. Tobacco: past to present Before the twentieth century, not many people died from using tobacco because there wasn't much tobacco being used. Cigarettes had to be rolled by hand. A person who was really fast could roll about four cigarettes a minute, or around 2,000 a day. In 1884 the cigarette manufacturing machine was invented that could produce 120,000 cigarettes a day. Soon the number being sold rose to one billion a year. As a result of advertising and efficient machines, the tobacco business continued to grow. Today about 840 packs of cigarettes are sold every second in the U.S. That's more than one million every hour! Imagine that! Blink your eyes and 840 packs are sold. Blink again...another 840 packs! As the number of cigarette sales increased, so did the number of deaths caused by cigarettes. Today one out of every five people who die in the US dies because of smoking. Smoking tobacco is responsible for more deaths than cocaine, heroin, alcohol, fire, automobile accidents, homicides, suicides, and AIDS combined That amounts to about 430,000 people who die needlessly every year.....1,200 people who die every day.... because of their addiction to cigarettes. It's like having several completely full jumbo jets crash every day, killing all aboard!

4. Every eight seconds someone in the world dies from a tobacco related illness/disease. Smoking is the #1 preventable cause of premature death in the United States. On average, smokers die nearly seven years earlier than nonsmokers. Smoking is responsible for one out of five American deaths. Men who smoke increase their risk of death from lung cancer by more than 22 times and from bronchitis and emphysema by nearly 10 times. Women who smoke increase their risk of dying from lung cancer by nearly 12 times and the risk of dying from bronchitis and emphysema by more than 10 times. Smoking triples the risk of dying from heart disease among middle-aged men and women. About 10 million people in the United States have died from causes attributed to smoking since the first Surgeon General's report on smoking and health in 1964--2 million of these deaths were the result of lung cancer alone. Tobacco Facts

5. In the U.S., smoking kills more people than cocaine, heroine, alcohol, fire automobile accidents, homicides, suicides, and AIDS combined. Reports of the Surgeon General conclude that smoking cigarettes causes heart disease, lung and esophageal cancer, and chronic lung disease. Cigarette smoking contributes to cancer of the bladder, pancreas, and kidney. Consequences of using smokeless tobacco include cancer of the gum, mouth, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus. 90% of adult smokers are addicted to tobacco before they reach the age of 18; 50% before the age of 14; currently the average age of initiation to tobacco is age 11. 48 million adults smoke in the U.S. (22.9% of the population, overall) 33%of youth currently smoke. Tobacco Facts

6. Why do people use tobacco? • The influence of friends • The influence of family • The influence of media. • Nicotine is the addictive drug found in tobacco. • They are STUPID!

7. Just what is nicotine? • It's a poisonous insecticide found naturally in the leaves of tobacco. • It's a powerful drug that acts in the brain and throughout the body. This drug is so powerful that only two or three drops of pure nicotine (less than 50mg) placed on the tongue will bring quick death to an adult. • Nicotine is just as addictive as heroin, cocaine, and alcohol. • When the smoke from a cigarette is inhaled it first travels to the lungs. From there all of the dangerous substances enter the blood stream and are taken to all of the major organs. • It only takes 8 seconds for nicotine to reach the brain.

8. Short term effects of tobacco use • Addiction to nicotine (The younger an adolescent is when he begins to smoke, the more severe his level of nicotine addiction is likely to be.) • Blood vessels constrict (narrow) causes a rise in blood pressure. • A slight drop in body temperature • Shortness of breath • Carbon monoxide replaces oxygen carried by the blood • An increase in the amount of acid released into the stomach • A decrease in the formation of urine • Decrease in the ability to exercise • Sense of taste and smell are dulled • Teeth, fingers, and lips become stained yellow

9. Long term effects of tobacco use on the skin Smoking makes you look older. It makes your skin dry and leathery. It will wrinkle faster than if you don't smoke. You won't get skin cancer from smoking, but if you should come down with skin cancer from another source, you'll be more likely to die from it because smoking weakens your immune system.

10. Long term effects of tobacco use on the hair A study in the British Medical Journal has found that smokers are twice as likely to lose their hair and almost four times as likely to have premature gray hair. Smoking messes up your immune system; one result can be hair loss.

11. Long term effects of tobacco use on the brain When cigarette smoke is inhaled, it carries nicotine, a highly addictive drug, into the lungs where it is quickly absorbed into the blood and carried to the heart and brain. Nicotine is addictive as heroin, and it alters how the brain works. It acts on brain cells that influence: mood, concentration, learning, and alertness.

12. Long term effects of tobacco use on the eyes and ears Smoking causes cataracts. A cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye. It is one of the leading causes of blindness throughout the world. The more person smokes, the greater the chance of getting cataracts. • Hearing Loss Smoking constricts (narrows) the blood vessels to the eardrums. This causes smokers to start to lose their hearing earlier than people who don't smoke.

13. Long term effects of tobacco use on the mouth Smoking causes wrinkles around the mouth and on the lips, but worse than that smoking causes many kinds of cancers, including those of the lips, mouth, tongue, and throat. Smoking makes it harder for saliva to remove germs in the mouth. This contributes to gum disease, bad breath, discolored teeth, the loss of teeth, and a decrease in the ability to taste and smell.

14. Your mouth and Tobacco!

15. Long term effects of tobacco use on the throat People who use tobacco are at risk of developing tumors of the throat. Surgical removal of the tumor, including all or part of the vocal cords (laryngectomy) may be necessary in some cases. If a laryngectomy is required, a surgical prosthesis (artificial vocal cords) may be implanted, voice aids may be used, or speech therapy may be recommended to teach alternative methods of speaking.

16. Long term effects of tobacco use on the heart • Smoking reduces the amount of oxygen to the heart muscle. At the same time, it makes the heart beat faster, which increases its demand for oxygen. • This is one reason why smokers are short for breath and have chest pain. • Almost half of the smoking deaths in the U.S. are due to cardiovascular diseases. • Clogged arteries occur more often in smokers than in non-smokers. • Smokers who have a heart attack have less chance of surviving than people who don't smoke.

17. Long term effects of tobacco use on the lungs Among the many lung ailments smoking causes: chronic bronchitis (the build up of puss and mucus, making you cough a lot), emphysema (makes the little air sacs in your lungs swell and burst) and lung cancer.

18. Long term effects of tobacco use on the body Smoking also causes cancers all over the body: sinus, brain, breast, uterus, kidney, bladder, thyroid, leukemia, lymph glands, pancreas, prostate, and cervix.Impotence- Men who smoke have increased risk of impotency. (The inability to have an erection.)

19. Tobacco use during pregnancy Women who smoke have a greater risk of having babies that aren't healthy. They run a greater risk of having of miscarriages, stillbirths, and premature and/or low-birth-weight babies

21. Long term effects of tobacco use on the