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Americans. Americans Immigration as a central aspect of U.S. history . Due to the American Dream millions of people have come to the USA Founders : People who established colonies = founders Because of the customs and laws to
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Americans • Immigrationas a centralaspectof U.S. history. • Due totheAmerican Dreammillionsofpeoplehavecometothe USA Founders: • People whoestablishedcolonies = founders Becauseofthecustomsandlawsto whichnewarrivalshadtoadjust • English establishedfirst permanent settlement: Jamestown (1607) • Lord Baltimore established Maryland in 1630 as a havenforCatholics • William Penn established Pennsylvania in 1681 forQuakers The foundershadcomeforeconomicreasonsandreligiousfreedom
Americans Immigration: In termsofethnicculture, theearlycolonialsettlement was largelycomposedby British arrivals Until 1776 (Declarationof Independence), over half ofthe populationcamefrom Great Britain. White, mainly Anglo-American Protestant dominant culture. Theypromotedmanyoftheyoung Republic´spolitical, social, constitutional andreligiousinstitutions. mainstream American Identity (Impact still felt)
Americans Religion: • Second major American culture rootsare in themanyfaithsthatcolonists, slavesandimmigrantshavebroughttothe New World. Major Religions: • Protestantism (largestandmost diverse ofthe US religions) dividedintoat least 220 churchesandsects • Roman Catholic Church predominantlywhitemembership BUT also newimmigrants from South America (Latinos) andfromsouth-eastAsia • Jewish Community • Other Religions (amongothers): Buddhism, Islam
Americans National Identity: • E PluribusUnum = out ofmanyone • Americanness bindingtheethnically diverse populationtocentralimages: US Flag (knownas Stars andStripes, Old Glory, Star Spangled Banner) PledgeofAllegiance Declarationof Independence 4th ofJuly Constitution = commonculturalsigns
Americans The Melting Pot: Israel Zangwill´splay The Melting Pot popularizedtheideathatpeopleof different backgroundswouldeventuallyfusemanyracesandculturesthroughintermarriageandbecome a newpeople.
Americans ThroughoutLiterature: At least fourwavesofimmigration: The followinginformationisadaptedfrom MAUK, David and John Oakland. American Civilization – An Introduction. NY: Routledge, 2009. Print 1st wave: colonialimmigration (1680-1776) = founders, mostlyfrom England 2nd wave: the “old“ immigrants (1820-1890) = Dutch, German, German Jews 3rd wave: the “new“ immigrants (1890-1930) = Italians, Jews, Poles, Hungarians. Also someMexicans, Russians, Czechs, Greeksand Portugeseimmigrated 4th wave: 1965 tothepresent = mainlyLatinosand Asian immigrantgroups
Americans: Sources MAUK, David and John Oakland. American Civilization – An Introduction. NY: Routledge, 2009. Print
Americans: EthnicGroups Minorities: • Native Americans • African Americans • Asian Americans • Latinos
Ethnic Groups Minorities: • Native Americans • African Americans • Asian Americans • Latinos • Patterns formed in thecolonialperiod: • Relations betweenthe natives andthe English weremarkedbydistrust, resentmentanddisastrouswars. • The censusestimatedthewholeorpartly Native-American populationatabout 3 Million. • Of all American ethnicgroups, Native-Americanshavethehighestunemployment, alcoholism, povertyandsuiciderates.
Ethnic Groups Minorities: • Native Americans • African Americans • Asian Americans • Latinos • The country´ssecondlargestminoritygroup. • The mostvisible national figures: • Colin Powell, Condoleeza Rice and Barack Obama whoroseabovetheprejudiceanddivisivepartisanpoliticsofthepastbywinning a clearelectoralvictory Presidentof all thepeople in the United States
Ethnic Groups Minorities: • Native Americans • African Americans • Asian Americans • Latinos • Approximately 15 Million people (2007) • The nationsecond-fastest-growingminority • Aroundtwo-thirdsof all Asian Americans live in just sixstates: • California (35%) • New York (11%) • Texas (6%) • New Jersey (5%) • Hawaii (5%) • Illinois (4%)
Ethnic Groups Minorities: • Native Americans • African Americans • Asian Americans • Latinos • The fastest-growinggroup in thenation