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Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 3.1 & 2 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals and Design

Engineering Technology Division. Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 3.1 & 2 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals and Design. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals. Overview. Hero Reaction Turbine – 120 B.C. First Practical Turbine – 1884, C. Parsons First Power Plant – 7.5 kw – 1890

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Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 3.1 & 2 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals and Design

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  1. Engineering Technology Division Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 3.1 & 2 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals and Design

  2. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Overview • Hero Reaction Turbine – 120 B.C. • First Practical Turbine – 1884, C. Parsons • First Power Plant – 7.5 kw – 1890 • Reaction, Impulse and Velocity-Compounded • Reheat Steam – 1930’s • Last 100 years Turbine is the key element in generating electricity • Turbines run Generators, Pumps, Fans, etc. • Today up to 1,500 MW

  3. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Overview

  4. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Fundamentals Energy Transfer Coal, Natural Gas, Nuclear, Biofuel, Waste Fuel

  5. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Reaction Turbines Newton’s third law of motion – For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Narrowing Steam Path Narrowing Steam Path

  6. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Impulse Turbines Steam / Gas Flow Fixed Vanes Moving Blades

  7. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Reaction – Impulse Comparison

  8. Inlet Pressure Inlet Velocity Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Velocity-Compounded Turbine Velocity compounding is a form of staging which by dividing the work load over several stages results in improved efficiency and a smaller diameter for the blade wheels due to a reduction in Ideal blade speed per stage. 1 P = V

  9. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Turbine Components - Blades Impulse Reaction

  10. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Turbine Diaphragms Diaphragms contain the fixed blades

  11. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Steam Turbine Casing

  12. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Turbine Rotor

  13. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Turbine Shaft and Casing Seals

  14. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Turbine Types Straight HP Tandem HP Tandem LP

  15. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Turbine – Multiple Sets

  16. Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals Questions?

  17. Section 3.2 – Steam Turbine Design Overview • Classification by; • Type – Reaction or Impulse • Steam Temperature and Pressure • Configuration – Compound, Tandem Compound, Cross Compound • Reheat • Output – MW • Structural Elements

  18. Section 3.2 – Steam Turbine Design Turbine Design - Basics

  19. Section 3.2 – Steam Turbine Design Materials • Blades • Stainless Steel – 403 & 422 (+Cr) • 17-4 PH steel (+ Ti) • Super Alloys • Rotor • High “Chrome – Moley” Steel – Cr-Mo-V • Low “Ni Chrome Steel – Ni-Cr-Mo-V

  20. Section 3.2 – Steam Turbine Design Questions?

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