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Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM)

Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM). Prepared for NS-Womanhood. During the war they served in civilian defense capacity. Wartime bicycle dispatch rider. Berlin Victory Parade-1940. Hitler-Jugend (HJ).

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Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM)

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  1. Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM) • Prepared for NS-Womanhood. • During the war they served in civilian defense capacity.

  2. Wartime bicycle dispatch rider Berlin Victory Parade-1940

  3. Hitler-Jugend (HJ) • Used to train teenage males for service to country and military-most training has military emphasis. • Move from HJ to RAD, NSKK, NSFK and eventually to SA, SS or military. • By end of war HJ actually serving as combat units.

  4. HJ Awards ceremony for valor during air raids of Hamburg, 1943

  5. HJ on Eastern Front late in war Iron Cross awardees-March 1945

  6. Annual HJ Camp-late war

  7. HJ captured by U.S. Troops Hitler awards the Iron Cross to defenders of Berlin just days before his death

  8. Wehrmacht • Many soldiers were not members of the NSDAP but they did support Hitler and were an important source of power. • The army eventually connected their survival to Hitler’s.

  9. Hitler’s Rise • In rise to power, there are potential problems between SA and Wehrmacht. • Night of Long Knives relieved some of that tension. • 1938 Hitler destroyed Army leadership. • Defense Minister Field Marshal Werner von Blomberg forced to resign (Hitler takes over). • SS framed Army Commander-in-Chief, General Freiherr Werner von Fritsch.

  10. Transformation of Wehrmacht to Hitler’s Army • Accomplished in part by the destruction of the “primary group”. • As casualties mount (especially in Russia), army groups lost cohesion and Esprit de Corps as a “local” group. • Forced units to become more mixed and “locality” replaced by sense of National Patriotism. • Swastika again connected party and non-party members.

  11. Traditional German Military Discipline • Total obedience among troops was politicized by the Nazi’s. • Harsh discipline caused brutality among troops, as enemy is dehumanized, Hitler is deified.

  12. Other Factors • Large portion of army had grown up under the Nazi system. • As war worsened, they look for “mystical” solutions. • Nazi propaganda forced them to see enemy (especially Soviets) as the end of civilization-forced obedience to the end.

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